ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. . One day after a patient is admitted to the medical unit, you note that the patient is oliguric. You notify the acutecare nurse practitioner who orders a fluid challenge of 200 mL of normal saline solution over 15 minutes. This intervention will achieve which of the following?
- A. Help distinguish hyponatremia from hypernatremia
- B. Help evaluate pituitary gland function
- C. Help distinguish reduced renal blood flow from decreased renal function
- D. Help provide an effective treatment for hypertension-induced oliguria
Correct answer: Help distinguish reduced renal blood flow from decreased renal function
Rationale:
2. What is the classification of furosemide?
- A. Loop diuretic
- B. Anticoagulant
- C. Iron supplement
- D. Anticonvulsant
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide is classified as a loop diuretic, not an anticoagulant, iron supplement, or anticonvulsant. Loop diuretics, like furosemide, act in the loop of Henle in the kidney to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption, leading to increased urine output. This mechanism makes them effective in treating conditions such as edema and hypertension. Therefore, the correct classification for furosemide is a loop diuretic (Choice A).
3. The dietary guidelines for Americans recommend consuming:
- A. nutrient dense foods
- B. non-essential amino acids
- C. energy dense foods
- D. organically grown foods
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The guidelines emphasize nutrient-dense foods that provide essential vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients without excessive calories, sugars, or unhealthy fats.
4. A client is receiving IV Dopamine for the treatment of shock. Which of the following findings indicates that the medication is effective?
- A. Increased heart rate
- B. Decreased blood pressure
- C. Increased urine output
- D. Decreased respiratory rate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is increased urine output. Dopamine increases cardiac output and improves renal perfusion, leading to increased urine output. This response indicates that the medication is effective in treating shock by enhancing renal function and perfusion. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because an increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and decreased respiratory rate are not findings that indicate the effectiveness of IV Dopamine in treating shock.
5. During the phallic stage, with which parent must the child identify?
- A. The same-sex parent
- B. The opposite-sex parent
- C. The mother or the primary caregiver
- D. Both parents
Correct answer: A
Rationale: According to Freud's psychosexual development theory, during the phallic stage (approximately ages 3 to 6), the child starts to identify with the parent of the same sex. This identification is a crucial part of the child's development and is believed to influence their adult behavior. The process involves the child adopting the characteristics, attitudes, and values of the same-sex parent. Choice B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with Freud's theory of the phallic stage of psychosexual development.
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