is generally regarded as the founder of the child study movement

ATI RN

Human Growth and Development Exam Questions

1. Who is generally regarded as the founder of the child study movement?

A. Charles Darwin
B. G. Stanley Hall
C. Alfred Binet
D. Sigmund Freud

Correct answer: B

Rationale: G. Stanley Hall is generally regarded as the founder of the child study movement. He established the first American research laboratory dedicated to child psychology and education, helping to pioneer the scientific study of child development. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they were not primarily associated with founding the child study movement. Charles Darwin is known for his contributions to the theory of evolution, Alfred Binet is famous for developing the first intelligence test, and Sigmund Freud is renowned for his work in psychoanalysis.

2. Which country does not rank well on any key measure of children's health and well-being?

A. Sweden
B. Spain
C. Australia
D. The United States

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The United States is the correct answer as it ranks poorly in measures of children's health and well-being compared to other developed nations. According to the extract provided, the United States does not perform well in this aspect. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as there is no information provided suggesting that Sweden, Spain, or Australia do not rank well on key measures of children's health and well-being.

3. Dr. Dias's research shows that the death of a spouse in old age is correlated with a decline in the surviving partner's physical health. Which conclusion is supported by this study?

A. The death of a spouse causes a decline in the surviving partner's physical health.
B. The death of a spouse is related to a decline in the surviving partner's physical health.
C. A decline in a surviving partner's physical health can cause the death of a spouse.
D. A third variable, such as memory loss, causes a surviving partner's decline in physical health following the death of a spouse.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Dr. Dias's research findings indicate a correlation between the death of a spouse and a decline in the surviving partner's physical health. This correlation suggests a relationship between the two variables, but it does not necessarily imply a direct cause-and-effect relationship. Therefore, the correct conclusion supported by this study is option B - 'The death of a spouse is related to a decline in the surviving partner's physical health.' Option A is too direct in its causation claim, which is not proven by correlation alone. Option C reverses the cause and effect relationship suggested by the research. Option D introduces an unrelated third variable, which is not supported by the study's findings.

4. Children in middle childhood are in Piaget's _______ stage, which extends from about 7 to 11 years.

A. sensorimotor
B. preoperational
C. concrete operational
D. formal operational

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: concrete operational. During the concrete operational stage, children start to engage in logical thinking about concrete events. This stage typically occurs between the ages of 7 to 11 years. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The sensorimotor stage (choice A) is the first stage in Piaget's theory, occurring from birth to about 2 years old. The preoperational stage (choice B) follows the sensorimotor stage and occurs roughly from ages 2 to 7 years. The formal operational stage (choice D) is the final stage in Piaget's theory, where abstract thinking and hypothetical reasoning develop, usually beginning around age 11.

5. Newborns of smoking mothers __________.

A. are more attentive to sounds
B. display more muscle tension
C. less often have colic
D. are less excitable when visually stimulated Answer: B Page Ref: 84 Skill Level: Understand known or suspected teratogens. Copyright Ã‚Â© 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 12 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Newborns of smoking mothers display more muscle tension. This is because nicotine in cigarettes can lead to increased muscle tension in babies, which can affect their physical development and potentially lead to future health issues. This is one of the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on the developing fetus.