ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023
1. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit administers a hypnotic medication to an older adult client at 2100. The next morning, the client is drowsy and wants to sleep instead of eating breakfast. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a possible reason for the client's drowsiness?
- A. Reduced cardiac function
- B. First-pass effect
- C. Reduced hepatic function
- D. Increased gastric motility
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In older adults, reduced hepatic function can lead to prolonged effects of medications metabolized by the liver. This situation can result in increased drug levels in the body, causing drowsiness and other side effects. Adjusting the dosage of the hypnotic medication may be necessary to prevent such adverse effects in older adult clients. Choice A, reduced cardiac function, is not directly related to the metabolism of the medication and is unlikely to cause drowsiness. Choice B, first-pass effect, refers to the initial metabolism of a drug in the liver before it enters circulation, but it is not the cause of drowsiness in this scenario. Choice D, increased gastric motility, does not play a significant role in the metabolism of the medication and is not a likely cause of the client's drowsiness.
2. You are providing a home health care assessment for a very low-income mother with three young children under 5 who all appear to be at nutritional risk. Which program would you refer them to in an attempt to reduce the risk and safeguard the health of this family?
- A. Division of Maternal and Child Health
- B. Medicaid
- C. Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children
- D. The State Children’s Health Insurance Program
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). WIC provides nutritional assistance to low-income pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and children under 5. The Division of Maternal and Child Health (Choice A) focuses on promoting the health of mothers and children but does not provide direct nutritional assistance. Medicaid (Choice B) is a health insurance program for low-income individuals but does not specifically address nutritional needs. The State Children’s Health Insurance Program (Choice D) provides health insurance for children in low-income families but does not offer nutritional support like WIC does.
3. Increasingly, researchers __________.
- A. assume that development stops at adolescence
- B. view old age as a period of decline
- C. view heredity as more influential than the environment
- D. see development as a perpetually ongoing process Answer: D Page Ref: 7 Skill Level: Understand Topic: The Lifespan Perspective: A Balanced Point of View Difficulty Level: Moderate Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 4 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Increasingly, researchers see development as a perpetually ongoing process. This perspective emphasizes that development continues throughout the lifespan, rather than stopping at a particular age like adolescence. Researchers now focus on understanding how individuals change and grow over time, recognizing that development is a lifelong journey influenced by both biological and environmental factors.
4. A patient has been diagnosed with a fungal infection and is to be treated with itraconazole (Sporanox). Prior to administration, the nurse notes that the patient is taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) for a seizure disorder. Based on this medication regime, which of the following will be true regarding the medications?
- A. The serum level of carbamazepine will be increased.
- B. The patient's carbamazepine should be discontinued.
- C. The patient's antiseizure medication should be changed.
- D. The patient will require a higher dosage of itraconazole (Sporanox).
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When itraconazole is administered with carbamazepine, itraconazole may increase the serum levels of carbamazepine, potentially leading to toxicity. Therefore, choice A is correct. Discontinuing carbamazepine (choice B) or changing the antiseizure medication (choice C) is not necessary unless advised by a healthcare provider. Choice D, requiring a higher dosage of itraconazole, is not accurate in this scenario.
5. The client is four hours post-operative abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Which nursing intervention should be implemented for this client?
- A. Assist the client in ambulating
- B. Assess the client’s bilateral pedal pulses
- C. Maintain a continuous IV heparin drip
- D. Provide clear liquids to the client
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the client’s bilateral pedal pulses is crucial at this point to monitor the perfusion to the lower extremities after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair surgery. Ambulation (Choice A) may be appropriate but should be guided by the assessment findings. Maintaining a continuous IV heparin drip (Choice C) is not typically indicated post-operatively for this type of surgery. Providing clear liquids (Choice D) may not be suitable immediately after the surgery, as the client needs time to recover before resuming oral intake.
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