Nursing Elites

1. A client is being taught about foods to include in a low-fiber diet. Which statement indicates the client understands the teaching?

• A. "A fresh pear would be a good snack option."?
• B. "I can prepare refried beans for supper."?
• C. "Bran cereal would be a good breakfast choice."?
• D. "I should choose white rice as a side dish."?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is "I should choose white rice as a side dish." In a low-fiber diet, foods that are low in fiber are recommended to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. White rice is a low-fiber option suitable for this diet. Choices A, B, and C are high-fiber options and not suitable for a low-fiber diet. A fresh pear, refried beans, and bran cereal are all high in fiber, which should be avoided in a low-fiber diet.

2. Each nonnutritive sweetener can be recommended to patients with phenylketonuria, except one. Which one is the exception?

• A. Cyclamate
• B. Acesulfame-K
• C. Saccharin
• D. Aspartame

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Aspartame. Aspartame contains phenylalanine, which is contraindicated for individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder that impairs phenylalanine metabolism. Therefore, patients with PKU should avoid aspartame. Choices A, B, and C (Cyclamate, Acesulfame-K, Saccharin) are considered safe for individuals with PKU as they do not contain phenylalanine and can be recommended as alternatives to sugar for these patients.

3. In order to establish a therapeutic relationship with the client, the nurse must first have:

• A. Self awareness C. Self acceptance
• B. Self understanding D. Self motivation
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. of the following serves as the strongest for its enforcement? (a) Advances made in Science and Technology have provided the climate for specialization in almost all aspects of human endeavor; and (b) As necessary consequence, there has emerged a new concept known as globalization which seeks to remove barriers in trade, industry and services imposed by the national laws of countries all over the world; and (c) Awareness of this development should impel the nursing sector to prepare our people in the services sector to meet the above challenge; and (d) Current trends of specialization in nursing practice recognized by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) of which the Philippines is a member for the benefit of the Filipino in terms of deepening and refining nursing practice and enhancing the quality of nursing care.

• A. b & c are strong justifications
• B. a & b are strong justifications
• C. a & c are strong justifications
• D. a & d are strong justifications

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Select all that apply. Which of the following oils contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and low levels of saturated and trans fats?

• A. vegetable oil
• B. palm oil
• C. coconut oil
• D. canola oil

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Vegetable, canola, and olive oils are high in unsaturated fats and low in saturated and trans fats, making them heart-healthy choices.

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