Nursing Elites

1. Your patient recently had abdominal surgery and tells you that he feels a popping sensation in his incision during a coughing spell, followed by severe pain. You anticipate an evisceration. Which supplies should you take to his room?

• A. A suture kit.
• B. Sterile water and a suture kit.
• C. Sterile water and sterile dressings.
• D. Sterile saline solution and sterile dressings.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: For a suspected evisceration, sterile saline solution and sterile dressings should be taken to the patient's room to cover the wound and keep it moist.

2. The student nurse is teaching the family of a patient with liver failure. You instruct them to limit which foods in the patient’s diet?

• A. Meats and beans.
• B. Butter and gravies.
• C. Potatoes and pastas.
• D. Cakes and pastries.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: For a patient with liver failure, it is important to limit the intake of meats and beans to reduce the risk of hepatic encephalopathy.

3. Janice is waiting for discharge instructions after her herniorrhaphy. Which of the following instructions do you include?

• A. Eat a low-fiber diet.
• B. Resume heavy lifting in 2 weeks.
• C. Lose weight, if obese.
• D. Resume sexual activity once discomfort is gone.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Advise the patient to lose weight if obese to reduce the risk of complications after herniorrhaphy.

4. Which of the following expected outcomes would be most appropriate for a client with peptic ulcer disease? The client will:

• A. verbalize absence of epigastric pain.
• B. accept the need to inject himself with vitamin B12 for the rest of his life.
• C. understand the need to increase his exercise activity.
• D. eliminate stress from his life.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A realistic goal for this client would be to gain relief from epigastric pain. There is no need for vitamin B12 injections because this client has not had any gastric surgery that would lead to vitamin B12 deficiency. Exercise should be modified, not increased, because it can stimulate further production of gastric acid. It is not possible to eliminate stress from a client's life. Instead, the client should be assisted to develop effective coping and problem-solving strategies as necessary.

5. Fistulas are most common with which of the following bowel disorders?

• A. Crohn’s disease
• B. Diverticulitis
• C. Diverticulosis
• D. Ulcerative colitis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Fistulas are most common in Crohn's disease due to the transmural inflammation that characterizes this condition.

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