Nursing Elites

1. While a team effort is necessary in the operating room (OR) for efficient and quality patient care delivery, the number of people in the room should be limited for infection control purposes. Which roles comprise this team?

• A. Surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, radiologist, orderly
• B. Surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, circulating nurse, anesthesiologist
• C. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, pathologist
• D. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, intern, scrub nurse

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The roles typically present in an operating room team include the surgeon, assistants (which may include an assistant surgeon), scrub nurse, circulating nurse, and anesthesiologist. These roles are directly involved in the operation and patient care. Choice B is correct. Choice A includes a radiologist and an orderly, who are not typically part of the immediate surgical team in the OR. Choice C includes a pathologist, who usually works in a laboratory outside of the OR. Choice D includes an intern, who may or may not be part of the team, depending on the specific circumstances and hospital policy. These explanations make choices A, C, and D incorrect.

2. During the first six months of lactation, a breastfeeding mother is advised to consume how many extra kcalories per day to meet energy needs?

• A. 250
• B. 330
• C. 400
• D. 470

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A breastfeeding mother is advised to consume an additional 330 kcalories per day during the first six months to support milk production and meet increased energy needs.

3. Which of the following best represents the goal of reflective listening?

• A. Repeating what the patient says
• B. Informing using direct advice
• C. Keeping the patient talking
• D. Warning the patient

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The goal of reflective listening is to keep the patient talking, allowing them to express their thoughts and concerns fully. Choice A, 'Repeating what the patient says,' is incorrect as reflective listening involves paraphrasing or summarizing rather than verbatim repetition. Choice B, 'Informing using direct advice,' is incorrect because reflective listening focuses on understanding the patient's perspective rather than providing direct advice. Choice D, 'Warning the patient,' is also incorrect as reflective listening aims to create a safe and open environment for the patient to share without feeling judged or warned.

4. What is the main function of dietary fiber in managing cholesterol levels?

• A. To reduce absorption of dietary fats
• B. To increase cholesterol synthesis
• C. To enhance protein digestion
• D. To decrease cholesterol absorption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dietary fiber helps lower cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids and reducing cholesterol absorption.

5. Nancy blames God for her situation. She is easily provoked to tears and wants to be left alone, refusing to eat or talk to her family. A religious person before, she now refuses to pray or go to church stating that God has abandoned her. The nurse understands that Nancy is grieving for her self and is in the stage of:

• A. bargaining
• B. denial
• C. anger
• D. acceptance

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

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