Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is used as an indirect estimate of voluntary absenteeism?

• A. Involuntary absenteeism
• B. Voluntary absenteeism
• C. Total time lost
• D. Absence frequency

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Absence frequency.' Absence frequency is the total number of distinct absence periods, regardless of duration. It is used as an indirect estimate of voluntary absenteeism because it provides insights into the frequency of absences. Voluntary absenteeism refers to absences that are under the employee's control, while involuntary absenteeism is not under their control. Total time lost, on the other hand, represents the number of scheduled days that employees miss, which is different from absence frequency.

2. A unit director at a local hospital knows even leadership may face ethical dilemmas. Which of the following should the director take into consideration when dealing with an employee who is incompetent?

• A. The situation should be tolerated for as long as possible because of the amount of time and paperwork required to terminate an incompetent nurse.
• B. Incompetence only impacts the individual nurse.
• C. The director should follow her institution�s formal process for reporting and handling practices that jeopardize patient safety.
• D. Most nurse practice acts direct how to handle incompetent nurses.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Incompetence jeopardizes patient safety. Therefore, the formal process for handling these practices should be followed.

3. To best reduce the potential for risk, what type of atmosphere is needed to be developed?

• A. Nurse-focused
• B. Physician-focused
• C. Family-focused
• D. Patient-focused

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Patient-focused.' When aiming to reduce the potential for risk, it is essential to prioritize the needs and well-being of the patients. Creating a patient-focused atmosphere helps ensure that decisions and actions are made with the patients' best interests in mind. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while nurses, physicians, and families play essential roles in healthcare, when it comes to reducing risks, the primary focus should be on the patients themselves.

4. Which of the following best describes the concept of value-based healthcare?

• A. Focusing on the volume of services provided
• B. Maximizing hospital revenue
• C. Improving clinical outcomes while controlling costs
• D. Emphasizing patient satisfaction

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Value-based healthcare focuses on improving clinical outcomes while controlling costs. It emphasizes quality over quantity, aiming to provide efficient and effective care that enhances patient health outcomes while managing expenses. Choices A and B are incorrect because value-based healthcare is not about focusing on the volume of services provided or maximizing hospital revenue. Choice D, emphasizing patient satisfaction, is also not the primary focus of value-based healthcare, which prioritizes clinical outcomes and cost control.

5. A nurse is discussing the responsibility of caring for clients with clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Have family members wear a gown and gloves when visiting.
• B. Clean contaminated surfaces in the client's room with a bleach solution.
• C. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer when leaving the client's room.
• D. Assign the client to a room with a private bathroom.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When caring for clients with clostridium difficile infection, it is important to prevent the spread of the bacteria. Having family members wear a gown and gloves when visiting helps reduce the risk of transmission. Cleaning contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution, not phenol, is recommended to effectively kill the C. difficile spores. Using alcohol-based hand sanitizer is not sufficient, as it may not be effective against C. difficile spores. Assigning the client to a room with a private bathroom is more beneficial than a negative airflow system, as it helps prevent the spread of bacteria to other clients.

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