Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of total time lost?

• A. Number of days off that an employee asks for
• B. Number of scheduled days missed
• C. Number of days missed
• D. Number of days perceived to be absent

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Total time lost refers to the number of scheduled days that an employee misses. This includes days that were planned to be worked but were not. Choice A, 'Number of days off that an employee asks for,' is not necessarily time lost as these are approved absences. Choice C, 'Number of days missed,' is vague and does not specify if they are scheduled or unscheduled. Choice D, 'Number of days perceived to be absent,' is subjective and does not clearly relate to scheduled time lost.

2. A healthcare professional is administering 1 L of 0.9% sodium chloride to a client who is postoperative and has fluid volume deficit. Which of the following changes should the healthcare professional identify as an indication that the treatment was successful?

• A. Increase in hematocrit
• B. Increase in respiratory rate
• C. Decrease in heart rate
• D. Decrease in capillary refill time

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decrease in capillary refill time. In a client with fluid volume deficit, improving capillary refill time indicates that the perfusion status is improving due to the increase in fluid volume. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. An increase in hematocrit may indicate hemoconcentration due to fluid loss, an increase in respiratory rate may suggest respiratory distress, and a decrease in heart rate may not be directly related to fluid volume status.

3. What is the primary focus of case management in nursing?

• A. Direct patient care
• B. Resource management
• C. Financial planning
• D. Quality assurance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary focus of case management in nursing is direct patient care, which involves providing and coordinating services for patients. While resource management, financial planning, and quality assurance are important aspects of healthcare, they are not the primary focus of case management. Resource management deals with optimizing resources, financial planning involves managing financial aspects, and quality assurance focuses on maintaining high standards of care.

4. Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma in nursing?

• A. Choosing between two equally undesirable alternatives
• B. Reporting a colleague's unethical behavior
• C. Balancing patient confidentiality with the need to disclose information
• D. Deciding whether to comply with a patient's request that conflicts with professional ethics

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. An ethical dilemma in nursing involves deciding whether to comply with a patient's request that conflicts with professional ethics, balancing competing values and principles. Choices A, B, and C do not directly represent ethical dilemmas in nursing. Choice A describes a general ethical dilemma, choice B involves professional conduct rather than a dilemma, and choice C refers to a confidentiality issue rather than conflicting ethical principles.

5. Which of the following describes the concept of ratification?

• A. Contract administration
• B. Contract passage
• C. Contract denial
• D. Contract reorganization

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Contract passage.' Ratification refers to the approval or confirmation of a contract by a simple majority of members who vote to pass it. Choice A, 'Contract administration,' does not accurately describe ratification as it focuses more on the management of contracts rather than their approval. Choice C, 'Contract denial,' is incorrect as ratification implies acceptance or approval, not denial. Choice D, 'Contract reorganization,' is also incorrect as ratification does not involve restructuring or reorganizing a contract, but rather confirming its validity.

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