Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following best describes intrinsic values?

• A. Intrinsic values are often abstract ideas.
• B. Intrinsic values are basic needs for sustaining life.
• C. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider to be important in their private lives.
• D. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider important for nurses to have.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because intrinsic values refer to fundamental beliefs and principles that guide a person's behavior and decision-making. These values are deeply ingrained and are essential for sustaining life and well-being. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because intrinsic values are not just abstract ideas, qualities important in private lives, or qualities patients desire in others; they are the core principles that individuals hold dear to lead a fulfilling life.

2. A client is having difficulty breathing while receiving supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula in a supine position. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take first?

• A. Suction the client's airway.
• B. Instruct the client to perform incentive spirometry every hour.
• C. Assist the client to an upright position.
• D. Humidify the client's supplemental oxygen.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a client is experiencing difficulty breathing, the priority intervention is to assist the client to an upright position. This position helps improve ventilation by maximizing lung expansion and promoting better oxygenation. Suctioning the airway may be necessary if there is an obstruction, but repositioning the client is the initial step. Instructing the client to perform incentive spirometry and humidifying oxygen are important interventions but not the first priority in this scenario.

3. A nurse is assessing a client who reports increased pain following physical therapy. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask when assessing the quality of the client's pain?

• A. Is your pain constant or intermittent?
• B. What would you rate your pain on a scale of 0 to 10?
• C. Does the pain radiate?
• D. Is your pain sharp or dull?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When assessing the quality of pain, asking if the pain is sharp or dull helps the nurse understand the nature of the pain. Sharp pain is often associated with acute conditions like nerve irritation or injury, while dull pain may indicate a more chronic issue like inflammation or tissue damage. Choices A, B, and C focus on different aspects of pain assessment but do not specifically address the quality of pain, making them less relevant in this context.

4. What is the primary goal of a clinical nurse leader (CNL)?

• A. To manage the nursing staff
• B. To coordinate patient care
• C. To improve patient outcomes
• D. To implement evidence-based practices

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of a clinical nurse leader (CNL) is to improve patient outcomes by overseeing patient care delivery, coordinating with healthcare team members, and ensuring quality care. While managing nursing staff (choice A) and implementing evidence-based practices (choice D) are important aspects of a CNL's role, the ultimate focus is on enhancing patient outcomes. Coordinating patient care (choice B) is part of the CNL's responsibilities but not the primary goal.

5. A registered nurse (RN) administered a patient�s morning insulin as the breakfast tray arrived at 0800. The RN performed a complete assessment at the same time. Then, the RN got busy with her other patients and did not check on the patient until 1400. At that time, she found the patient unresponsive with a blood glucose of 23. Both the breakfast and lunch tray were at the bedside untouched. Which of the following could the RN be charged with?

• A. Quasi-intentional tort
• B. Misdemeanor
• C. Negligence
• D. Juvenile offense

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Negligence is the failure to act in a reasonable, ordinary, and prudent manner, causing harm to someone who is owed the duty to care.

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