ATI RN
ATI RN Exit Exam Test Bank
1. Which medication is used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose?
- A. Naloxone
- B. Epinephrine
- C. Atropine
- D. Lidocaine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone is the correct answer. Naloxone is specifically used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose by binding to opioid receptors and blocking the effects of opioids. Epinephrine is mainly used to treat severe allergic reactions, Atropine is used for certain types of heart conditions and to reduce salivation or respiratory secretions, and Lidocaine is a local anesthetic used for numbing purposes. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect in the context of reversing opioid overdose.
2. A child diagnosed with aplastic anemia is admitted to the hospital. The parents ask the nurse what aplastic anemia is. Which response by the nurse is accurate?
- A. Aplastic anemia causes a proliferation of white blood cells.
- B. Aplastic anemia is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells.
- C. Aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells.
- D. Aplastic anemia is a disorder that occurs after a viral illness.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, leading to pancytopenia. This can result in fatigue, infections, and bleeding tendencies. It is not characterized by abnormal red blood cell shapes, but rather by a reduction in the production of blood cells. Therefore, the accurate response is that aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells. Choices A and B are incorrect as aplastic anemia does not cause a proliferation of white blood cells or involve abnormally shaped red blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as aplastic anemia is not typically a disorder that occurs after a viral illness.
3. What is the most important nursing action when caring for a patient with a central venous catheter (CVC)?
- A. Monitor the patient's blood pressure regularly.
- B. Change the CVC dressing every 72 hours.
- C. Flush the CVC with normal saline every shift.
- D. Avoid using the CVC for blood draws.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most important nursing action when caring for a patient with a central venous catheter (CVC) is to change the CVC dressing every 72 hours. This practice reduces the risk of infection and ensures the catheter remains secure. Monitoring the patient's blood pressure regularly is important but not the most crucial action when managing a CVC. Flushing the CVC with normal saline is essential but not the most important action. Avoiding using the CVC for blood draws is a good practice, but it is not the most critical nursing action in this scenario.
4. A nurse is teaching a group of clients about stress. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Protein requirements decrease in times of stress.
- B. Acute stress causes an increase in metabolism.
- C. Stress causes a positive nitrogen balance in the body.
- D. Glucose is broken down more slowly during times of stress.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Acute stress causes an increase in metabolism, which is an important factor in stress management.
5. When providing discharge teaching to a patient who underwent cataract surgery, what should the patient avoid?
- A. Avoid NSAIDs
- B. Avoid bright lights
- C. Avoid alcohol
- D. Avoid phosphorus-rich foods
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to avoid NSAIDs. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can increase the risk of bleeding after cataract surgery due to their anticoagulant properties. Bright lights (choice B) are not contraindicated post-cataract surgery unless the patient experiences discomfort or sensitivity. Alcohol consumption (choice C) is generally not restricted after cataract surgery, but moderation is recommended. Phosphorus-rich foods (choice D) are not directly related to cataract surgery postoperative care.
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