ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. When the nurse discovers a patient on the floor, and the patient states, 'I fell out of bed,' the nurse assesses the patient and then places the patient back in bed. What action should the nurse take next?
- A. Re-assess the patient.
- B. Complete an incident report.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider.
- D. Do nothing, as no harm has occurred.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After a patient has fallen, it is crucial to notify the healthcare provider. The provider needs to be informed so that further assessment, evaluation, or intervention can be carried out to ensure the patient's safety and well-being. Re-assessing the patient (Choice A) is important but notifying the healthcare provider takes precedence. Completing an incident report (Choice B) is necessary but should follow notifying the healthcare provider. Doing nothing (Choice D) is not appropriate as patient safety and potential underlying issues need to be addressed promptly.
2. A health care provider asks the nurse to administer a medication with a dosage significantly higher than usual. What is the nurse's first action?
- A. Administer the medication as ordered.
- B. Question the provider and verify the dose.
- C. Administer half the dosage as a precaution.
- D. Refuse to administer the medication without clarification.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a health care provider orders a medication with a dosage significantly higher than usual, the nurse's initial action should be to question the provider and verify the dose. This is crucial to ensure patient safety and prevent medication errors. Administering the medication as ordered (Choice A) without clarification could potentially harm the patient if there was an error in the prescription. Administering half the dosage as a precaution (Choice C) is not a safe practice as it deviates from the prescribed order. Refusing to administer the medication without clarification (Choice D) is important, but the first step should be to seek clarification from the provider to prevent any unnecessary delays in patient care.
3. A hospice nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of a terminal illness and her family. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Hospice care focuses on providing comfort and symptom management.
- B. The provider will coordinate your health care needs while in hospice.
- C. You do not need to choose a family caregiver before being admitted into a hospice facility.
- D. Hospice care continues to help families with grief after a death occurs.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because hospice care provides ongoing support to families with grief even after a patient's death. Choice A is incorrect because hospice care focuses on providing comfort and symptom management rather than disease treatment and rehabilitation. Choice B is incorrect as the statement does not accurately reflect the role of a hospice provider. Choice C is incorrect; a family caregiver is not a prerequisite for admission into a hospice facility.
4. What are the clinical manifestations of hypovolemic shock, and how should a nurse respond?
- A. Hypertension, bradycardia, and oliguria
- B. Bradycardia, hypertension, and peripheral edema
- C. Tachypnea, cool skin, and confusion
- D. Tachycardia, hypotension, and decreased urine output
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tachycardia, hypotension, and decreased urine output are classic clinical manifestations of hypovolemic shock. In hypovolemic shock, the body tries to compensate for low blood volume by increasing the heart rate (tachycardia) to maintain cardiac output, leading to hypotension and decreased urine output. Prompt fluid replacement is necessary to restore intravascular volume. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not represent the typical manifestations of hypovolemic shock.
5. How can dehydration be assessed in an elderly patient?
- A. Checking skin turgor on the forearm
- B. Assessing for dry mucous membranes
- C. Checking for orthostatic hypotension
- D. Measuring daily weights
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Assessing skin turgor by gently pinching the skin on the forearm is a reliable method to check for dehydration in elderly patients. When the skin is slow to return to its original position, it indicates dehydration. While assessing for dry mucous membranes is also important, checking skin turgor is a more direct method for dehydration assessment. Checking for orthostatic hypotension is more related to circulation status than dehydration. Measuring daily weights is helpful to monitor fluid balance but may not be as immediate or direct in detecting dehydration in elderly patients.
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