Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary role of the nurse manager in risk management?

• A. Ensure compliance with regulations
• B. Report incidents to higher authorities
• C. Minimize risks to patients and staff
• D. Educate staff about safe practices

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Minimize risks to patients and staff. Nurse managers play a crucial role in risk management by identifying potential risks, implementing strategies to reduce or eliminate these risks, and ensuring a safe environment for patients and staff. Choice A is incorrect because while ensuring compliance with regulations is important, the primary role of the nurse manager in risk management is to minimize risks. Choice B is incorrect as reporting incidents is part of risk management but not the primary role of a nurse manager. Choice D is also a responsibility of nurse managers, but educating staff about safe practices is not the primary focus when it comes to risk management.

2. Most evaluations are based on absolute judgment. This is:

• A. A standard set by an external source.
• B. The manager and staff's perceived notion.
• C. Internal standards.
• D. The manager's personal opinion.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The internal standard used in evaluations is the criteria set by the manager, reflecting what they perceive as reasonable and acceptable performance for the employee. Choice A is incorrect because the standard is internal, not set by an external source. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to the collective perception of the manager and staff, rather than the internal standard. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to the manager's personal opinion, which may not always align with the internal standards set for evaluations.

3. A registered nurse (RN) is caring for a patient who is one of Jehovah’s Witnesses and has refused a blood transfusion even though her hemoglobin is dangerously low. After providing information about all the alternatives available and risks and benefits of each, the health-care provider allows the patient to determine which course of treatment she would prefer. The RN knows this is an example of which ethical principle?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Nonmaleficence
• C. Beneficence
• D. Distributive justice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: This is an example of the ethical principle of autonomy.

4. Successful professional nurses benefit from working with mentors. What mutually rewarding outcomes are realized in mentoring relationships? (EXCEPT)

• A. Instilling a sense of accomplishing a meaningful effort
• B. Assuming each other's characteristics
• C. Fostering an interdependent relationship
• D. Promoting self-esteem

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Professional nurses who seek mentoring relationships work with their mentors to gain objective feedback, guidance, and confidence. A mentoring relationship is critical when making job decisions, establishing goals, discussing professional judgment, considering ethical issues, and in determining challenges for growth. Choice B, "Assuming each other's characteristics," is incorrect because mentoring is about learning, guidance, and support to develop one's own professional identity, not about assuming someone else's characteristics. Choices A, C, and D are all beneficial outcomes of mentoring relationships, including instilling a sense of accomplishment, fostering interdependence, and promoting self-esteem, respectively.

5. In which order will the nurse take these steps to prepare NPH 20 units and regular insulin 2 units using the same syringe? (Put a comma and a space between each answer choice [A, B, C, D, E]).

• A. Rotate NPH vial, Inject 20 units of air into NPH vial, Withdraw regular insulin, Inject 2 units of air into regular insulin vial, Withdraw 20 units of NPH.
• B. Rotate NPH vial, Inject 20 units of air into NPH vial, Withdraw regular insulin, Inject 2 units of air into regular insulin vial, Withdraw 20 units of NPH.
• C. Rotate NPH vial, Inject 20 units of air into NPH vial, Inject 2 units of air into regular insulin vial, Withdraw regular insulin, Withdraw 20 units of NPH.
• D. Rotate NPH vial, Inject 20 units of air into NPH vial, Withdraw 20 units of NPH, Inject 2 units of air into regular insulin vial, Withdraw regular insulin.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct order to prepare NPH 20 units and regular insulin 2 units using the same syringe is to start by rotating the NPH vial, then injecting 20 units of air into the NPH vial. Next, inject 2 units of air into the regular insulin vial, followed by withdrawing the regular insulin. Finally, withdraw 20 units of NPH. This sequence ensures proper mixing and preparation of the insulin doses. Choices A, B, and D have incorrect sequences that may lead to incorrect dosages or inadequate mixing of the insulins.

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