Nursing Elites

1. What is the main focus of a risk management program in healthcare?

• A. To reduce hospital readmissions
• B. To manage financial resources
• C. To ensure compliance with healthcare regulations
• D. To improve clinical outcomes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The main focus of a risk management program in healthcare is to improve clinical outcomes. By identifying and mitigating risks, healthcare organizations aim to enhance patient safety, quality of care, and overall health outcomes. Option A is incorrect because reducing hospital readmissions is a specific goal within healthcare but not the primary focus of risk management. Option B is incorrect as managing financial resources, while important, is more aligned with financial management rather than risk management. Option C is incorrect as ensuring compliance with healthcare regulations is vital but falls under compliance management rather than the primary focus of risk management, which is to improve clinical outcomes.

2. Which of the following are essential components of strategic planning? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Values
• B. Vision & Mission statements
• C. Reengineering
• D. A & B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Values and vision and mission statements are indeed essential components of strategic planning. Values help define the organization's core beliefs and principles, guiding its decisions and actions. Vision and mission statements articulate the organization's goals, purpose, and direction, serving as a roadmap for strategic planning and decision-making. Reengineering is not a core component of strategic planning; it involves the redesign of processes to improve performance, efficiency, and quality. Therefore, option C is incorrect. The correct answer is D because both values and vision and mission statements play crucial roles in shaping an organization's strategic planning process.

3. Which of the following are managerial functions, according to Mintzberg? (EXCEPT)

• A. Leading and linking at the people level
• B. Communicating and controlling at the information level
• C. Deciding pay structures
• D. Doing at the action level

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Mintzberg believed that managing involves communicating and controlling at the information level, leading and linking at the people level, and doing at the action level. Choice A is correct as it aligns with Mintzberg's concept of leading and linking at the people level. Choice B is correct as it aligns with Mintzberg's concept of communicating and controlling at the information level. Choice D is correct as it aligns with Mintzberg's concept of doing at the action level. Choice C, deciding pay structures, is not a managerial function according to Mintzberg's model, making it the exception.

4. What is the term used for assigning a rating based on an overall impression?

• A. Recency error.
• B. Leniency error.
• C. Absolute judgment.
• D. Halo error.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Halo error.' Halo error occurs when a rating is given based on a general impression rather than specific performance criteria. Choice A, 'Recency error,' refers to rating an employee based on recent events rather than the entire evaluation period. Choice B, 'Leniency error,' is when a manager consistently rates employees higher than they deserve. Choice C, 'Absolute judgment,' involves evaluating based on established standards rather than an overall impression.

5. Nonverbal messages in communication, including body language and environmental factors, are called ___________.

• A. lateral communication
• B. upward communication
• C. metacommunications
• D. downward communication

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Nonverbal messages in communication, such as body language and environmental factors, are termed metacommunications. Choice A, lateral communication, refers to communication between individuals or groups on the same hierarchical level. Choice B, upward communication, involves the flow of information from lower levels to higher levels in an organization. Choice D, downward communication, relates to the transmission of information from higher levels to lower levels within an organization. Therefore, the correct term for nonverbal messages in communication is metacommunications.

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