Nursing Elites

1. What is an advantage of the ventrogluteal muscle as an injection site in young children?

• A. Easily accessible from many directions
• B. Free of significant nerves and vascular structures
• C. Can be used until the child reaches a weight of 9 kg (20 lb)
• D. Increased subcutaneous fat, which provides sustained drug absorption

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is free of significant nerves and vascular structures, making it a safer choice for intramuscular injections in young children compared to other sites that may be more prone to complications.

2. The nurse is taking a health history of an adolescent. Which best describes how the chief complaint should be determined?

• A. Request a detailed listing of symptoms.
• B. Ask the adolescent, "Why did you come here today?"
• C. Interview the parent away from the adolescent to determine the chief complaint
• D. Use what the adolescent says to determine, in correct medical terminology, what the problem is

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Asking the adolescent directly about the reason for their visit encourages open communication and helps the nurse understand the primary concern from the patient's perspective.

3. What test is used to screen for carbohydrate malabsorption?

• A. Stool pH
• B. Urine ketones
• C. C urea breath test
• D. ELISA stool assay

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Stool pH testing is used to screen for carbohydrate malabsorption. A low pH indicates the presence of unabsorbed carbohydrates, which are fermented by bacteria, leading to acidic stool.

4. Which distraction technique should be used for an adolescent child during a painful procedure?

• A. Blowing bubbles
• B. Guided imagery
• C. EMLA cream
• D. Sucrose solution

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Guided imagery. Guided imagery is an effective distraction technique for adolescents as it helps them focus on positive mental images instead of the pain. This technique can be a powerful tool in managing pain and anxiety during procedures. Blowing bubbles (choice A) may be more suitable for younger children as it can engage them visually and help distract them. EMLA cream (choice C) is a topical anesthetic and not a distraction technique. Sucrose solution (choice D) is used for pain relief in infants, not typically for adolescents undergoing painful procedures.

5. The nurse is teaching parents about expected language development for their 6-month-old infant. The nurse recognizes the parents understand the teaching if they make which statement?

• A. Our baby should comprehend the word no.
• B. Our baby knows the meaning of saying mama.
• C. Our baby should be able to say three to five words.
• D. Our baby should begin to combine syllables, such as dada.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: At 6 months, infants typically begin to combine syllables like "dada" or "mama," but they do not yet understand the meaning of these words.

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