ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2019 B with NGN
1. What are the key considerations when administering opioid analgesics to a patient in pain?
- A. Monitoring for respiratory depression
- B. Administering opioid antagonist if needed
- C. Assessing respiratory rate and pain level before administration
- D. Monitoring the patient's level of consciousness
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct key consideration when administering opioid analgesics to a patient in pain is monitoring for respiratory depression. Opioids can lead to respiratory depression, making it crucial to carefully monitor the patient's breathing. Administering an opioid antagonist is not a key consideration during the administration of opioids; it is used to reverse opioid effects in cases of overdose, not as a routine practice. Assessing respiratory rate and pain level before administration is important but not the key consideration compared to monitoring for respiratory depression. Monitoring the patient's level of consciousness is also essential but not as critical as monitoring for respiratory depression when administering opioids.
2. What is the primary action when caring for a patient with a stage 3 pressure ulcer?
- A. Apply a hydrocolloid dressing
- B. Provide wound debridement
- C. Change the dressing daily
- D. Apply moist gauze to the ulcer
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to apply a hydrocolloid dressing. This type of dressing helps maintain a moist environment that is conducive to healing in stage 3 pressure ulcers. Providing wound debridement (choice B) is more suitable for higher stages of pressure ulcers where there is necrotic tissue. Changing the dressing daily (choice C) may be necessary but is not the primary action for a stage 3 pressure ulcer. Applying moist gauze (choice D) is not the recommended approach as it does not provide the same benefits as a hydrocolloid dressing.
3. A healthcare provider is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to a client. Which of the following sites should the healthcare provider select?
- A. Deltoid
- B. Vastus lateralis
- C. Rectus femoris
- D. Dorsogluteal
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The vastus lateralis is the preferred site for intramuscular injections in adults due to its large muscle mass and low risk of complications. The deltoid, although a common site for vaccines, has a smaller muscle mass and may not be suitable for all types of medications. The rectus femoris is a muscle in the thigh that is more commonly used for intramuscular injections in infants. The dorsogluteal site is no longer recommended due to its proximity to major nerves and blood vessels.
4. When checking the intravenous (IV) site on a child, the nurse should take which action?
- A. Look at the site.
- B. Ask the child if the site hurts.
- C. Look at the site while palpating the area.
- D. Take all the tape off, assess the site, and redress.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Looking at and palpating the IV site helps assess for signs of infiltration or infection, such as swelling, redness, or pain. Simply looking or asking the child may miss subtle signs, and removing all the tape unnecessarily disrupts the site.
5. Which of the following is a cause of hypothyroidism?
- A. Overproduction of cortisol
- B. Autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland
- C. Overactivity of the thyroid gland
- D. Insufficient iodine intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones to meet the body's needs. This can be due to autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid tissue. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Overproduction of cortisol is associated with conditions like Cushing's syndrome, overactivity of the thyroid gland is a characteristic of hyperthyroidism, and insufficient iodine intake can lead to goiter but not necessarily hypothyroidism.
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