Nursing Elites

1. Which two dietary components may help decrease blood cholesterol levels?

• A. Omega-3 fatty acids and soluble fiber
• B. Short-chain fatty acids and insoluble fiber
• C. Trans fatty acids and potassium
• D. Cis fatty acids and calcium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Omega-3 fatty acids and soluble fiber. Omega-3 fatty acids are known to reduce triglycerides, while soluble fiber helps to lower LDL cholesterol levels. Both of these components are beneficial in managing blood cholesterol levels. Choice B, short-chain fatty acids and insoluble fiber, is incorrect as they do not have the same cholesterol-lowering effects as omega-3 fatty acids and soluble fiber. Choice C, trans fatty acids and potassium, is incorrect as trans fatty acids can raise LDL cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease. Choice D, cis fatty acids and calcium, is incorrect as cis fatty acids are common in natural fats and do not specifically help in reducing blood cholesterol levels.

2. A nurse is educating a group of older adults in a community center on weight management using the BMI scale. Using the client's height and weight to calculate BMI, which of the following clients has a healthy BMI?

• A. A client with a weight of 128 lb and height of 70 inches
• B. A client with a weight of 150 lb and height of 68 inches
• C. A client with a weight of 200 lb and height of 72 inches
• D. A client with a weight of 133 lb and height of 60 inches

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To determine a healthy BMI, we need to calculate it using the formula: BMI = weight (lbs) / height^2 (inches) x 703. For choice A, BMI = 128 / (70 x 70) x 703 = 18.38, which falls within the healthy BMI range of 18.5-24.9. Therefore, choice A is correct. Choices B, C, and D have BMIs of 22.8, 27.1, and 26.1, respectively, which are outside the healthy range. Thus, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.

3. What is your estimate of the population of pregnant woman needing tetanus toxoid vaccination?

• A. 632.5 C. 450.5
• B. 512.5 D. 332.5
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. Obsessive compulsive disorder is classified under:

• A. Psychotic disorders
• B. Neurotic disorders
• C. Major depressive disorder
• D. Bipolar disorder

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

5. What best describes a task of the registered dietitian?

• A. administering total parenteral nutrition
• B. administering formula through feeding tubes
• C. prescribing diet orders
• D. conducting nutrition assessments

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, conducting nutrition assessments. Registered dietitians are responsible for assessing an individual's nutritional status, dietary intake, and health needs. This assessment forms the basis for developing personalized nutrition care plans. Choices A and B involve the administration of specialized nutrition support, which is typically done by healthcare providers with specific training in those areas. Choice C, prescribing diet orders, may fall outside the scope of practice for a dietitian as they focus more on assessment, education, and counseling related to nutrition rather than prescribing medical treatments.

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