ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. The physician tells the parents of a 2-year-old that the child probably has RSV. The parents ask how the diagnosis will be confirmed. How should the nurse respond?
- A. We will swab your child's nose and send the secretions for testing.
- B. There is no specific test for RSV. The diagnosis is based on symptoms.
- C. We will send a viral culture to an outside lab for testing.
- D. There is no specific test for RSV. The diagnosis is based on symptoms.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. RSV is typically diagnosed by swabbing the nose and testing the secretions. This method helps confirm the presence of the respiratory syncytial virus. Choice B is incorrect because while symptoms are important in diagnosis, specific tests like swabbing for RSV do exist. Choice C is incorrect as sending a viral culture to an outside lab is not the primary method for diagnosing RSV. Choice D is a duplicate of choice B and is incorrect for the same reasons.
2. A patient with diabetes should be advised to avoid which type of carbohydrate?
- A. Simple carbohydrates
- B. Complex carbohydrates
- C. Fiber-rich carbohydrates
- D. All carbohydrates
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Simple carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates can cause rapid spikes in blood glucose levels, which can be problematic for patients with diabetes. These carbohydrates are quickly broken down and absorbed by the body, leading to sharp increases in blood sugar levels. In contrast, complex carbohydrates and fiber-rich carbohydrates are generally better choices for individuals with diabetes because they are digested more slowly, resulting in a more gradual rise in blood glucose levels. Choice B, complex carbohydrates, are a better option for diabetic patients compared to simple carbohydrates. Choice C, fiber-rich carbohydrates, can also be beneficial for individuals with diabetes as they help in regulating blood sugar levels. Choice D, all carbohydrates, is too broad of a statement as not all carbohydrates have the same impact on blood glucose levels.
3. A client with a history of alcohol use disorder is admitted to the hospital for detoxification. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to observe during withdrawal? Select one that doesn't apply.
- A. Tremors
- B. Hallucinations
- C. Diaphoresis
- D. Bradycardia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: During alcohol withdrawal, symptoms such as tremors, hallucinations, diaphoresis, and seizures are commonly observed. Bradycardia is not typically associated with alcohol withdrawal; instead, tachycardia, an increased heart rate, is more commonly seen. Therefore, bradycardia is the correct answer as it is not an expected symptom during alcohol withdrawal. Tremors, hallucinations, and diaphoresis are all common manifestations of alcohol withdrawal, while bradycardia is not typically seen in this context.
4. Which action demonstrates secondary prevention?
- A. Screening for early signs of disease
- B. Providing rehabilitation services
- C. Administering medications
- D. Providing health education
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Screening for early signs of disease. Secondary prevention involves activities that aim to detect health issues early to provide timely treatment. Screening for early signs of disease falls under secondary prevention as it helps identify diseases in their early stages, allowing for prompt intervention and management.
5. Which of the following actions will most likely lead to a break in the sterile technique for respiratory isolation?
- A. Opening the patient’s window to the outside environment
- B. Turning on the patient’s room ventilator
- C. Opening the door of the patient’s room leading into the hospital corridor
- D. Failing to wear gloves when administering a bed bath
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Failure to wear gloves during a bed bath can potentially introduce pathogens, compromising the sterile technique necessary for respiratory isolation. Proper hand hygiene and personal protective equipment are crucial to prevent the transmission of infectious agents in such settings.