the nurse is performing an otoscopic examination on a child which are normal findings the nurse should expect select all that apply

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children

1. The nurse is performing an otoscopic examination on a child. Which are normal findings the nurse should expect? (Select all that apply.)

A. All below
B. A well-defined light reflex
C. A small, round, concave spot near the center of the drum
D. The tympanic membrane is a nontransparent grayish color

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A well-defined light reflex, a small concave spot, and a grayish, nontransparent tympanic membrane are normal findings during an otoscopic examination in a child.

2. What is an essential nursing care intervention for a neonate with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula?

A. Feed glucose water only.
B. Elevate the patient's head for feedings.
C. Raise the patient's head and give nothing by mouth.
D. Avoid suctioning unless the infant is cyanotic.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Raising the patient’s head and giving nothing by mouth is crucial in managing tracheoesophageal fistula. This intervention helps prevent aspiration and further complications until surgical correction can be performed. Feeding the neonate or suctioning could exacerbate the condition by risking aspiration. Elevating the head for feedings does not address the primary concern of preventing oral intake, making it less appropriate than the correct answer.

3. Which of the following is a key feature of autism spectrum disorder?

A. Delayed speech development
B. Hyperactivity
C. Lack of interest in toys
D. Aggressive behavior

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Delayed speech development is a significant feature of autism spectrum disorder. Many children with autism exhibit delays in speech and language development, which can be one of the early signs of the condition. Hyperactivity, lack of interest in toys, and aggressive behavior are not key defining features of autism spectrum disorder. While some individuals with autism may exhibit these behaviors, they are not universally characteristic of the disorder.

4. A new mom is instructed to have her toddler brush his teeth every night after dinner. This is an example of __________ which increases the toddler’s sense of security and self-mastery.

A. Negativism
B. Diversionary activity
C. Critical play
D. Ritualism

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Ritualism. Establishing routines like brushing teeth every night after dinner helps toddlers feel secure and in control. Choice A, Negativism, refers to a child's oppositional behavior. Choice B, Diversionary activity, involves redirecting attention to something else. Choice C, Critical play, does not relate to the scenario of establishing a routine for the toddler.