Nursing Elites

1. The nurse in the pediatric clinic performs a physical assessment of a 13-year-old boy. Which of the following findings by the nurse requires an immediate intervention?

• A. The adolescent complains of his scrotum aching after exercise. The nurse palpates a worm-like mass above the testes
• B. The nurse noted unilateral breast enlargement
• C. The child’s scrotum appears swollen, and a soft mass is palpated. The nurse is unable to insert a finger above the mass
• D. The child’s scrotum appears enlarged and red. The nurse palpated a thickened and swollen spermatic cord.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A swollen and thickened spermatic cord could indicate testicular torsion, which is a surgical emergency.

2. Which of the following is a process of heat loss that involves the transfer of heat from one surface to another?

• A. Radiation
• B. Conduction
• C. Convection
• D. Evaporation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Conduction is the process of heat transfer that occurs between objects or substances that are in direct contact with each other. In this process, heat is transferred from a hotter surface to a cooler surface through direct contact. This type of heat transfer does not involve the movement of the substances themselves, only the transfer of thermal energy. Radiation (Choice A) is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, while convection (Choice C) is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids. Evaporation (Choice D) is a cooling process that involves the phase change of a liquid into a gas.

3. The nurse is caring for a client whose religious background is Seventh Day Adventist (Church of GOD). Which nursing action(s) are most appropriate in terms of providing for the dietary needs of this client? Select all that apply.

• A. Providing snacks between meals
• B. Removing coffee from the breakfast tray
• C. Ensuring that there is no pork on the dinner tray
• D. A, B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Seventh Day Adventists typically avoid caffeine and pork, so providing snacks between meals and removing coffee from the breakfast tray are appropriate actions to meet the dietary needs of this client. Providing snacks helps ensure the client has options that align with their dietary restrictions, while removing coffee respects their avoidance of caffeine. Ensuring that there is no pork on the dinner tray is also crucial as pork is typically avoided in their diet, making choice C correct. Therefore, choices A and B are correct, making D the most appropriate selection.

4. A client who is postpartum and diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia is receiving education from a nurse. Which dietary recommendation should be included in the education plan?

• A. Yogurt and mozzarella
• B. Spinach and beef
• C. Fish and cottage cheese
• D. Turkey slices and milk

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Spinach and beef. Spinach is a good source of non-heme iron, while beef provides heme iron, both essential for treating iron deficiency anemia. Yogurt and mozzarella (choice A) are not significant sources of iron. Fish and cottage cheese (choice C) do not provide as much iron as spinach and beef. Turkey slices and milk (choice D) are also not as rich in iron compared to spinach and beef.

5. The nurse had developed a close relationship with the family of a client who is dying. Which nursing intervention(s) are most appropriate in dealing with the family?

• A. Encouraging family discussion of feelings
• B. Accepting the family’s experience of anger
• C. Facilitating the use of spiritual practices identified by the family
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a nurse has developed a close relationship with a dying client's family, it is crucial to provide comprehensive support. Encouraging family discussion of feelings helps them express their emotions and concerns, fostering a sense of relief. Accepting the family's experience of anger without judgment validates their emotions and promotes trust. Facilitating the use of spiritual practices identified by the family acknowledges their beliefs and values, offering comfort and solace. Therefore, all of the above interventions are essential in providing holistic care and support during such a challenging time. Choices A, B, and C each play a vital role in addressing different aspects of the family's emotional and spiritual needs, making option D the correct answer.

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