ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Quizlet
1. The client has just had surgery to create an ileostomy. The nurse assesses the client in the immediate post-op period for which of the following most frequent complications of this type of surgery?
- A. Intestinal obstruction
- B. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
- C. Malabsorption of fat
- D. Folate deficiency
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance is a common complication following ileostomy surgery due to the loss of large volumes of fluid and electrolytes through the stoma. Monitoring and replacing fluids and electrolytes is essential.
2. The client with peptic ulcer disease is scheduled for a pyloroplasty. The client asks the nurse about the procedure. The nurse plans to respond knowing that a pyloroplasty involves:
- A. Cutting the vagus nerve
- B. Removing the distal portion of the stomach
- C. Removal of the ulcer and a large portion of the cells that produce hydrochloric acid
- D. An incision and resuturing of the pylorus to relax the muscle and enlarge the opening from the stomach to the duodenum.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A pyloroplasty involves making an incision in the pylorus (the opening from the stomach to the duodenum) and then resuturing it to relax the muscle and enlarge the opening.
3. The client being treated for esophageal varices has a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube inserted to control the bleeding. The most important assessment is for the nurse to:
- A. Check that the hemostat is on the bedside
- B. Monitor IV fluids for the shift
- C. Regularly assess respiratory status
- D. Check that the balloon is deflated on a regular basis
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Regularly assessing respiratory status is crucial when a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is inserted to control bleeding in esophageal varices.
4. When counseling a client in ways to prevent cholecystitis, which of the following guidelines is most important?
- A. Eat a low-protein diet
- B. Eat a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
- C. Limit exercise to 10 minutes/day
- D. Keep weight proportionate to height
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Eating a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet is most important for preventing cholecystitis.
5. Which of the following symptoms is a client with colon cancer most likely to exhibit?
- A. A change in appetite
- B. A change in bowel habits
- C. An increase in body weight
- D. An increase in body temperature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A change in bowel habits is the most common symptom of colon cancer.
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