risk factors for the development of hiatal hernias are those that lead to increased abdominal pressure which of the following complications can cause

ATI RN

ATI Gastrointestinal System

1. Risk factors for the development of hiatal hernias are those that lead to increased abdominal pressure. Which of the following complications DOES NOT cause increased abdominal pressure?

A. Obesity
B. Volvulus
C. Constipation
D. Intestinal obstruction

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Obesity, constipation, and intestinal obstruction can all lead to increased abdominal pressure, which in turn can cause a hiatal hernia.

2. The client is admitted to the hospital with viral hepatitis, complaining of 'no appetite' and 'losing my taste for food.' To provide adequate nutrition, the nurse would instruct the client to

A. Eat a good supper when anorexia is not as severe.
B. Eat less often, preferably only three large meals daily.
C. Increase intake of fluids including juices.
D. Select foods high in fat.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Although no special diet is required to treat viral hepatitis, it is generally recommended that clients consume a diet with low-fat content because fat may be tolerated poorly due to decreased bile production. Small, frequent meals are preferable and may prevent nausea. Appetite is often better in the morning, so it is easier to eat a good breakfast. An adequate fluid intake of 2500 to 3000 mL per day that includes nutritional juices is also important.

3. What information is correct about stomach cancer?

A. Stomach pain is often a late symptom.
B. Surgery is often a successful treatment.
C. Chemotherapy and radiation are often successful treatments.
D. The patient can survive for an extended time with TPN.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Stomach pain is often a late symptom of stomach cancer.

4. While caring for a client with peptic ulcer disease, the client reports that he has been nauseated most of the day and is now feeling lightheaded and dizzy. Based upon these findings, which nursing actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to take?

A. Administering an antacid hourly until nausea subsides.
B. Monitoring the client's vital signs
C. Notifying the family and friends of the client's symptoms
D. Initiating oxygen therapy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring the client's vital signs and notifying the physician of the client's symptoms are crucial actions based on the reported symptoms.