ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. A paranoid client refuses to eat telling you that you poisoned his food. The best intervention to this client is:
- A. Taste the food in front of him and tell him that the food is not poisoned
- B. Offer other types of food until the client eats
- C. Simply state that the food is not poisoned
- D. Offer sealed foods
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
2. A patient is 1 hour postoperative following an open reduction internal fixation of the left tibia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Assess neurovascular status of the extremities every 4 hours
- B. Monitor the patient's pain level every 8 hours
- C. Assist the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours
- D. Keep the patient's left leg elevated on two pillows
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take 1 hour postoperative following an open reduction internal fixation of the left tibia is to assess neurovascular status of the extremities every 4 hours. This frequent assessment is crucial to monitor for any signs of complications such as impaired circulation or nerve damage. Monitoring every 4 hours allows for early detection of any issues, enabling timely intervention and prevention of potential complications. Monitoring the patient's pain level every 8 hours (choice B) is not as immediate or essential for postoperative care. Assisting the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours (choice C) may not be necessary if the patient is not ambulatory yet. Keeping the patient's left leg elevated on two pillows (choice D) can be beneficial but is not the priority in the immediate postoperative period compared to assessing neurovascular status.
3. A client has a new prescription for Ferrous sulfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with milk.
- B. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Take this medication before bedtime.
- D. Take this medication with antacids.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to take Ferrous sulfate on an empty stomach. This medication is best absorbed when taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Instructing the client to take it with milk, before bedtime, or with antacids can decrease its absorption and effectiveness. Taking it with milk can reduce the absorption of iron due to the calcium in milk. Taking it before bedtime is not necessary and may cause gastrointestinal upset. Taking it with antacids can interfere with the absorption of iron.
4. What dietary modification is recommended for a child with cystic fibrosis?
- A. High carbohydrate
- B. Low protein
- C. High calorie
- D. Low fat
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A high-calorie diet is recommended for children with cystic fibrosis due to their increased energy needs and malabsorption issues. Cystic fibrosis affects the pancreas, leading to poor digestion and absorption of nutrients, particularly fats, which requires dietary adjustments to maintain adequate nutrition. High carbohydrate (Choice A) is not the primary focus; the emphasis is on overall calorie intake. Low protein (Choice B) is not recommended as protein intake is essential for growth and development. Low fat (Choice D) is not the best option as fat-soluble vitamin absorption is already compromised in cystic fibrosis, hence fat restriction is not a priority.
5. Which hormone reduces the amount of water in the body?
- A. ADH
- B. aldosterone
- C. ANH
- D. ADH and aldosterone
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'aldosterone.' Aldosterone is the hormone that reduces the amount of water in the body by increasing the reabsorption of sodium and water from the kidney tubules. ANH (atrial natriuretic hormone) actually works to increase the excretion of sodium and water by the kidneys, leading to a reduction in blood volume and pressure. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) works to increase water reabsorption by the kidneys, thereby increasing blood volume. Therefore, choices A (ADH) and D (ADH and aldosterone) are incorrect in the context of reducing the amount of water in the body.