Nursing Elites

1. A client with stomatitis is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. "I will drink liquids through a straw."?
• B. "I will season foods with dried spices before cooking."?
• C. "I will rinse my mouth with baking soda and water frequently."?
• D. "I will eat frozen bananas as a snack."?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is, "I will rinse my mouth with baking soda and water frequently."? Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucous lining in the mouth, and rinsing with baking soda and water can be too abrasive and further irritate the condition. Choices A, B, and D are appropriate self-care measures for a client with stomatitis and do not indicate a need for further teaching.

2. A healthcare provider is providing teaching about nutrition to a group of clients. The healthcare provider should include that which of the following foods contains the highest level of thiamine per serving?

• A. 1 hard-boiled egg
• B. 1 cup dried pears
• C. 1 cup whole grain wheat flour
• D. 1 cup Brussels sprouts

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Whole grain wheat flour contains the highest level of thiamine per serving compared to the other options provided. Thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1, is essential for energy metabolism. While eggs, dried pears, and Brussels sprouts are nutritious foods, they do not contain as high a level of thiamine as whole grain wheat flour. Therefore, the correct choice is whole grain wheat flour in this case.

3. What type of diet would most likely benefit a patient with cystic fibrosis?

• A. Low sodium
• B. Low fat
• C. Clear liquid
• D. High calorie, high protein

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with cystic fibrosis often have malabsorption issues, leading to increased energy needs. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to help meet these needs, support growth, and maintain overall health. Choices A, B, and C do not address the specific dietary requirements associated with cystic fibrosis, making them less beneficial for these patients.

4. Which food is recommended for a client trying to increase their intake of calcium?

• A. Apples
• B. Yogurt
• C. Chicken
• D. Pasta

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Yogurt is high in calcium, which is essential for bone health.

5. What is the first step in the scientific method?

• A. Conduct an experiment
• B. Make an observation and ask a question
• C. Formulate a hypothesis
• D. Reach a consensus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The first step in the scientific method is to make an observation and ask a question. This is because the scientific method is a systematic process of investigation that begins with observing a phenomenon or asking a question about it. This is followed by formulating a hypothesis (Choice C), designing and conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis (Choice A), and analyzing the results to reach a consensus or conclusion (Choice D). Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they represent steps that occur after the initial observation and question.

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