Nursing Elites

1. A client with stomatitis is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. "I will drink liquids through a straw."?
• B. "I will season foods with dried spices before cooking."?
• C. "I will rinse my mouth with baking soda and water frequently."?
• D. "I will eat frozen bananas as a snack."?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is, "I will rinse my mouth with baking soda and water frequently."? Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucous lining in the mouth, and rinsing with baking soda and water can be too abrasive and further irritate the condition. Choices A, B, and D are appropriate self-care measures for a client with stomatitis and do not indicate a need for further teaching.

2. Which of the following is a poor food source of iron?

• A. Dried fruits
• B. Cheese
• C. Clams
• D. Legumes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Iron is an essential nutrient for the body, and while it can be found in many different types of foods, the amounts can vary significantly. Cheese, while a good source of other nutrients like calcium and protein, is not a particularly rich source of iron. On the other hand, clams, legumes, and dried fruits are known to contain higher levels of iron. Therefore, among the provided choices, cheese is considered a poor source of iron. It's important to note that a balanced diet should include a variety of foods to ensure the intake of all necessary nutrients.

3. Which of the following foods is the best source of omega-3 fatty acids?

• A. Salmon
• B. Chicken
• C. Spinach
• D. Eggs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Salmon is the correct answer as it is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, which are known to be beneficial for heart health. Chicken, spinach, and eggs do not contain significant levels of omega-3 fatty acids compared to salmon. While eggs do contain some omega-3s, the amount is considerably lower than what is found in fatty fish like salmon.

4. Which enzyme is most essential for the digestion of triglycerides found in butterfat?

• A. Gastric lipase
• B. Pepsin
• C. Mucus
• D. Intrinsic factor

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gastric lipase. Gastric lipase is crucial for the digestion of short- and medium-chain triglycerides, such as those found in butterfat. Pepsin is involved in protein digestion, not lipid digestion. Mucus acts as a protective barrier in the stomach and does not play a direct role in lipid digestion. Intrinsic factor is involved in the absorption of vitamin B12 and is not related to the digestion of triglycerides.

5. A client with a body mass index of 28 is seeking dietary advice. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Encourage the client to continue their current daily caloric intake.
• B. Recommend a total fiber intake of 12g per day.
• C. Advise the client to add 500 calories per day to their diet.
• D. Refer the client to a weight-loss support group.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Referring the client to a weight-loss support group is the most appropriate action for a client with a body mass index of 28. This action can provide the necessary support, guidance, and motivation to help the client achieve their weight loss goals. Encouraging the client to continue their current daily caloric intake (Choice A) may not address the need for weight loss. Recommending a total fiber intake of 12g per day (Choice B) is important for overall health but may not directly address weight loss. Advising the client to add 500 calories per day to their diet (Choice C) would not be beneficial for weight loss in this scenario.

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