Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a prescription for home oxygen therapy. What should the nurse teach?

• A. Remove the oxygen tubing during meals
• B. Wear synthetic fabrics while using oxygen
• C. Use cotton fabrics when oxygen is in use
• D. Increase oxygen flow during physical activity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Use cotton fabrics when oxygen is in use.' When a client is on oxygen therapy, it is essential to use cotton fabrics to reduce the risk of static electricity, which can ignite in the presence of oxygen. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Removing the oxygen tubing during meals is not necessary as long as proper precautions are taken to avoid tripping hazards. Synthetic fabrics should be avoided while using oxygen therapy to prevent static electricity buildup. Increasing oxygen flow during physical activity should be done according to the healthcare provider's instructions, not indiscriminately.

2. A client with diabetes mellitus is receiving discharge instructions about foot care from a nurse. Which statement indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will soak my feet in hot water daily
• B. I will wear shoes at all times
• C. I will cut my toenails in a rounded shape
• D. I will apply lotion between my toes after bathing

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'I will wear shoes at all times.' This statement demonstrates an understanding of foot care for a client with diabetes. Wearing shoes at all times helps protect the feet, reducing the risk of injury and complications such as wounds or infections. Option A is incorrect because soaking feet in hot water can lead to skin dryness and increase the risk of burns or injury for individuals with diabetes. Option C is incorrect as cutting toenails in a rounded shape can cause ingrown toenails and potential infections. Option D is also incorrect as applying lotion between the toes can create a moist environment, increasing the risk of fungal infections.

3. A client expresses anxiety about an upcoming surgery. What should the nurse do?

• A. Administer a sedative
• B. Ask the client to describe their feelings
• C. Call the surgeon to address the anxiety
• D. Provide information on post-op care

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a client expresses anxiety, it is essential for the nurse to encourage the client to verbalize their feelings. This helps the client express concerns, fears, and uncertainties, enabling the nurse to provide appropriate emotional support. Administering a sedative (Choice A) should not be the initial response as it does not address the underlying emotional needs of the client. Calling the surgeon to address anxiety (Choice C) may not be within the nurse's scope of practice and may not directly address the client's emotional needs. Providing information on post-op care (Choice D) is important but not the priority when the client is experiencing anxiety preoperatively.

4. A nurse is preparing to administer enteral feedings to a client with an NG tube. Which action should the nurse take first?

• A. Flush the tube with 100 mL of water
• B. Verify tube placement
• C. Elevate the head of the bed
• D. Measure the residual gastric volume

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Verifying tube placement is the priority action the nurse should take before administering enteral feedings. This step ensures that the NG tube is correctly positioned, reducing the risk of complications such as aspiration pneumonia. Flushing the tube with water, elevating the head of the bed, and measuring residual gastric volume are important steps in enteral feeding administration but come after verifying tube placement. Flushing the tube with water helps clear the tubing, elevating the head of the bed reduces the risk of aspiration, and measuring residual gastric volume helps assess the client's tolerance to feedings.

5. A nurse is caring for a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their arthritis medication. What factor should the nurse identify as contributing to this decrease?

• A. Improved mobility
• B. Bowel inflammation
• C. Long-term use of the medication
• D. Frequent dehydration

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bowel inflammation. Bowel inflammation can decrease the absorption of medications, reducing their effectiveness. Improved mobility (choice A) would generally not contribute to a decrease in medication effectiveness. Long-term use of the medication (choice C) may lead to tolerance but would not directly cause a decrease in effectiveness. Frequent dehydration (choice D) can affect overall health but is not a direct factor in the medication's effectiveness for arthritis.

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