Nursing Elites

1. A patient has impaired skin integrity, and a nurse is providing care. What action should the nurse take to promote healing?

• A. Apply a dry, sterile dressing to the wound.
• B. Use sterile saline to clean the wound.
• C. Apply a warm compress to promote circulation.
• D. Keep the wound open to air for faster healing.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct action to promote healing in a patient with impaired skin integrity is to use sterile saline to clean the wound. Sterile saline helps prevent infection and promotes healing of wounds by keeping the area clean. Applying a dry, sterile dressing (Choice A) may not be effective as it does not address the need for wound cleaning. Applying a warm compress (Choice C) may not be suitable for all types of wounds and could potentially cause harm. Keeping the wound open to air (Choice D) is generally not recommended as it can lead to infection and slow down the healing process.

2. A patient is admitted with signs of stroke. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse anticipate as the priority?

• A. CT scan
• B. MRI
• C. X-ray
• D. Ultrasound

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A CT scan is the priority diagnostic test to identify and confirm the location and severity of a stroke.

3. When providing discharge instructions for a patient with diabetes, what is the most important information to include?

• A. Encourage the patient to maintain a high-carbohydrate diet.
• B. Teach the patient how to monitor their blood sugar levels.
• C. Recommend the patient engage in regular exercise.
• D. Provide the patient with a list of restricted foods.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most critical information to include when providing discharge instructions for a patient with diabetes is teaching them how to monitor their blood sugar levels. This empowers the patient to actively manage their condition, make informed decisions about their diet and medication, and prevent complications. Encouraging a high-carbohydrate diet (Choice A) can be detrimental for diabetic patients as it may lead to unstable blood sugar levels. While regular exercise (Choice C) is important in diabetes management, monitoring blood sugar levels takes precedence. Providing a list of restricted foods (Choice D) is relevant but not as crucial as teaching the patient how to monitor their blood sugar levels.

4. When teaching a patient with a new prescription for brimonidine to treat open-angle glaucoma, what indicates an understanding of the instructions?

• A. I can expect my vision to improve quickly
• B. I should use it only when my eyes are irritated
• C. I can expect to feel some irritation when I put these drops in my eyes
• D. I will need regular eye exams

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. When using brimonidine to treat open-angle glaucoma, patients may experience temporary irritation in the eyes. Choice A is incorrect because vision improvement from brimonidine is not immediate. Choice B is incorrect as brimonidine should be used as prescribed, not just when eyes are irritated. Choice D is important but does not directly indicate an understanding of the medication's use.

5. When a patient refuses to remove their religious jewelry before surgery, what is the best response for the nurse preparing for the procedure?

• A. Proceed with the surgery and document the refusal.
• B. Ask the patient for permission to secure the jewelry safely.
• C. Tape the jewelry to the patient's body during surgery.
• D. Tell the patient they must remove the jewelry for safety reasons.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The best response for the nurse is to ask the patient for permission to secure the jewelry safely. Hospital policy typically requires jewelry to be secured or removed to prevent interference during surgery. Proceeding with the surgery without addressing the issue or taping the jewelry to the patient's body are not safe practices and can lead to complications during the procedure. Directing the patient to remove the jewelry without exploring alternative solutions is not patient-centered care and may create unnecessary tension.

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