ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology Test
1. A client is receiving warfarin therapy. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of warfarin?
- A. Nausea
- B. Epistaxis
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Dyspepsia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, can be an indication of excessive anticoagulation while on warfarin therapy. Warfarin is a blood thinner that helps prevent blood clots. Epistaxis can occur as a result of the blood-thinning effects of warfarin, leading to increased bleeding tendencies, including nosebleeds. Nausea, diarrhea, and dyspepsia are not typically associated with warfarin therapy; therefore, they are not the adverse effects the nurse should identify in a client receiving warfarin.
2. A healthcare professional is reviewing laboratory findings and notes that a client's plasma Lithium level is 2.1 mEq/L. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the healthcare professional?
- A. Perform immediate gastric lavage.
- B. Prepare the client for hemodialysis.
- C. Administer an additional oral dose of lithium.
- D. Request a stat repeat of the laboratory test.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Performing immediate gastric lavage is the appropriate action for a client with severe lithium toxicity, indicated by a plasma lithium level of 2.1 mEq/L. Gastric lavage can help reduce the client's lithium level by removing the unabsorbed drug from the stomach.
3. A female client with tobacco use disorder is being educated by a nurse about Nicotine replacement therapy. Which of the following statements by the client shows understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should avoid eating right before I chew a piece of nicotine gum.
- B. I will need to stop using the nicotine gum after 1 year.
- C. I know that nicotine gum is a safe alternative to smoking if I become pregnant.
- D. I must chew the nicotine gum quickly for about 15 minutes.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The client should avoid eating or drinking 15 minutes prior to and while chewing the nicotine gum. Choice B is incorrect because there is no specified timeline for stopping nicotine gum use. Choice C is incorrect because nicotine gum is not recommended during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as the client should chew the nicotine gum slowly for about 30 minutes, not quickly for 15 minutes.
4. When teaching a client how to use nitroglycerin transdermal ointment for angina, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Remove the prior dose before applying a new dose.
- B. Rub the ointment directly into your skin until it is no longer visible.
- C. Cover the applied ointment with a clean gauze pad.
- D. Apply the ointment to the same skin area each time.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction is to remove the prior dose before applying a new dose. This helps prevent toxicity by ensuring the client does not inadvertently apply an excessive amount of nitroglycerin.
5. A client has a new prescription for radioactive iodine to treat Hyperthyroidism. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Expect a metallic taste in the mouth.
- B. Avoid contact with pregnant women for 1 week.
- C. Administer iodine solution using a straw.
- D. Take thyroid replacement medication for 3 weeks after treatment.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a client undergoes radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism, they can emit radiation for a short time. To prevent radiation exposure to others, especially pregnant women, infants, and small children, clients should avoid close contact for about 1 week following therapy. This precaution is essential to protect vulnerable individuals from potential harm. Choice A is incorrect because a metallic taste in the mouth is not a common side effect of radioactive iodine treatment. Choice C is incorrect because administering iodine solution using a straw is not a standard practice in this treatment. Choice D is incorrect because taking thyroid replacement medication for 3 weeks after treatment is not a typical instruction associated with radioactive iodine therapy for hyperthyroidism.
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