ATI RN
ATI RN Comprehensive Exit Exam
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy. Which of the following side effects should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Fatigue
- B. Hair loss
- C. Nausea
- D. Dry mouth
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, dry mouth. Dry mouth is a common side effect of radiation therapy due to damage to the salivary glands. It is essential for the nurse to monitor for this condition as it can lead to oral health issues and discomfort. Fatigue (choice A) is a common side effect of radiation therapy, but in this case, dry mouth is a more specific side effect to monitor for. Hair loss (choice B) is more commonly associated with chemotherapy rather than radiation therapy. Nausea (choice C) is also a common side effect of radiation therapy, but dry mouth is a more direct effect of the treatment that the nurse should focus on monitoring.
2. A patient diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia has just been admitted to the oncology unit. When writing this patient's care plan, what potential complication should the nurse address?
- A. Pancreatitis
- B. Hemorrhage
- C. Arteritis
- D. Liver dysfunction
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemorrhage. Patients with acute myelogenous leukemia are at high risk of hemorrhage due to low platelet count and abnormal clotting factors caused by bone marrow suppression. Pancreatitis (choice A) is not a common complication of acute myelogenous leukemia. Arteritis (choice C) refers to inflammation of arteries and is not a typical complication of this type of leukemia. Liver dysfunction (choice D) is not a primary concern in the immediate care plan for a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia.
3. A nurse is planning to teach a group of older adults about the prevention of osteoporosis. What information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Increase intake of vitamin C
- B. Avoid weight-bearing exercises
- C. Perform weight-bearing exercises
- D. Limit sun exposure
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Perform weight-bearing exercises. Weight-bearing exercises help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis in older adults. Choice A, increasing intake of vitamin C, is not directly related to osteoporosis prevention. Choice B, avoiding weight-bearing exercises, is incorrect as weight-bearing exercises are beneficial for bone health. Choice D, limiting sun exposure, is not a key factor in osteoporosis prevention as moderate sun exposure is important for vitamin D synthesis which is essential for bone health.
4. In psychoanalytic theory, which psychosexual stage centers on castration anxiety?
- A. Genital
- B. Oral
- C. Anal
- D. Phallic
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Castration anxiety is a concept specific to the Phallic stage in psychoanalytic theory, according to Sigmund Freud. During the Phallic stage, children experience the Oedipus complex (boys) and Electra complex (girls), where they develop unconscious desires for the opposite-sex parent and fear castration by the same-sex parent. This anxiety is a crucial aspect of the Phallic stage, making it the correct answer. The other stages (Genital, Oral, and Anal) do not directly involve castration anxiety and focus on different aspects of psychosexual development.
5. A client is prescribed nicotine replacement therapy. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching?
- A. Smoking while taking this medication will increase your risk of a stroke.
- B. Make a list of reasons why smoking is a bad habit.
- C. Stopping this medication suddenly increases your risk for a heart attack.
- D. Rise slowly when getting out of bed in the morning.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a client is prescribed nicotine replacement therapy, it is crucial to emphasize that smoking while using this therapy can increase the risk of a stroke. Smoking while on nicotine replacement therapy can lead to excessive nicotine levels in the body, elevating cardiovascular risks. Therefore, the nurse should educate the client on the importance of avoiding smoking while utilizing this medication. Choices B, C, and D are not relevant to the specific teaching required for a client on nicotine replacement therapy.
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