ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children
1. A newborn is admitted to the nursery with a complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. The mother refuses to see or hold her infant. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Restate what the physician has told her about plastic surgery
- B. Suggest holding her baby without making eye contact
- C. Encourage and allow the mother to express her feelings
- D. Recognize and allow the mother to express her feelings
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In this situation, the priority is to acknowledge and validate the mother's feelings, creating a supportive environment for her. Option D is correct as it focuses on recognizing and allowing the mother to express her emotions. This approach can help build trust and facilitate communication. Options A and B are incorrect as they do not address the mother's emotional needs and may come across as dismissive. Option C is less appropriate as it only encourages expression without explicitly recognizing the mother's current emotional state.
2. What is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year in the United States?
- A. Heart disease
- B. Childhood cancer
- C. Unintentional injuries
- D. Congenital anomalies
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death among children older than 1 year in the United States.
3. How is family systems theory best described?
- A. The family is viewed as the sum of individual members
- B. A change in one family member cannot create a change in other members
- C. Individual family members are readily identified as the source of a problem
- D. When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Family systems theory views the family as a whole, where changes in one member affect the entire system, and changes can occur at any point within the system.
4. The charge nurse in the pediatric unit is teaching nursing students about pyloric stenosis. A student asks what causes pyloric stenosis. How should the nurse respond?
- A. One portion of the intestines invaginates or telescopes into another
- B. Hypertrophy of the circular pylorus muscle
- C. Relaxed cardiac sphincter
- D. Absent ganglion cells in the colon
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is caused by the hypertrophy (thickening) of the circular muscle of the pylorus, leading to obstruction. Choice A is incorrect as it describes intussusception, not pyloric stenosis. Choice C is incorrect as a relaxed cardiac sphincter is related to gastroesophageal reflux. Choice D is incorrect as it describes Hirschsprung's disease, not pyloric stenosis.
5. The nurse is caring for a child who had a tonsillectomy. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse observe the child for in the postoperative period?
- A. Arrhythmias
- B. Increased swallowing
- C. Increased blood sugar
- D. Increased urinary output
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B. Increased swallowing can indicate bleeding at the surgical site, which is a potential complication after tonsillectomy. Choice A, Arrhythmias, are not typically associated with tonsillectomy. Choice C, Increased blood sugar, is not a common clinical manifestation after a tonsillectomy. Choice D, Increased urinary output, is not a typical clinical manifestation to observe for in the postoperative period after a tonsillectomy.