ATI RN
ATI Capstone Comprehensive Assessment B
1. A client with renal calculi is admitted. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- A. Monitor urinary output every shift.
- B. Administer pain medication as ordered.
- C. Strain all urine for stones.
- D. Increase fluid intake to flush the urinary tract.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to strain all urine for stones. This is the priority nursing intervention for a client with renal calculi as it helps in identifying and preventing stones from passing unnoticed. Monitoring urinary output, administering pain medication, and increasing fluid intake are important aspects of care for this client, but the priority is to ensure that any passed stones are collected and analyzed to guide further treatment.
2. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a school-age child with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day
- B. Your child should decrease dietary fats to less than 10% of their caloric intake
- C. Your child will need to take a 1-gram sodium chloride tablet daily throughout their lifetime
- D. You should calculate your child's carbohydrate needs based on their daily activities
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The parent should provide a well-balanced diet that is high in protein and calories for a child with cystic fibrosis. This diet helps meet the child's increased energy requirements. Offering high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day is essential to ensure adequate nutrition and energy intake for children with cystic fibrosis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because children with cystic fibrosis actually need a higher fat intake for proper absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, sodium chloride supplementation is not a general recommendation for all children with cystic fibrosis, and carbohydrate needs are usually based on maintaining adequate weight and growth rather than daily activities.
3. A new nurse manager is attempting to solve a management issue by using one solution after another until she solves the problem. This would be known as what type of method?
- A. Decision making
- B. Trial and error
- C. Experimentation
- D. Analysis
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Trial and error is a method used by new managers to solve problems by trying different solutions until one is successful. In this scenario, the nurse manager is using a trial and error approach by attempting various solutions until the issue is resolved. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because decision making involves making choices based on available information, experimentation involves testing hypotheses in a controlled setting, and analysis entails examining data and information to gain insights or draw conclusions, none of which directly reflect the iterative process of trial and error.
4. The school nurse understands that children are impacted by divorce. Which has the most impact on the positive outcome of a divorce?
- A. Age of the child
- B. Gender of the child
- C. Family characteristics
- D. Ongoing family conflict
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The level of ongoing family conflict is the most significant factor influencing the positive or negative outcomes for children during and after a divorce
5. A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is being taught about foot care. What instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Apply lotion between the toes after bathing
- B. Wear shoes at all times
- C. Cut toenails in a rounded shape
- D. Inspect the feet weekly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to wear shoes at all times. This instruction is vital for clients with diabetes mellitus as it helps protect the feet and reduces the risk of injury. Option A is incorrect as applying lotion between the toes can increase moisture and the risk of fungal infections. Option C is incorrect as cutting toenails in a rounded shape may lead to ingrown toenails. Option D is also incorrect as inspecting the feet weekly is not sufficient for proper foot care in clients with diabetes mellitus.
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