ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. . You are caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Your patients plan of care includes assessment of specific gravity every 4 hours. The results of this test will allow the nurse to as
- A. Nutritional status
- B. Potassium balance
- C. Calcium balance
- D. Fluid volume status
Correct answer: Fluid volume status
Rationale:
2. Which of the following nonpharmacological methods cannot be used to manage the chronic pain of a client with rheumatoid arthritis?
- A. Adequate rest
- B. Heat for 20-30 minutes
- C. Hot showers
- D. Ice for 2 hours at a time
Correct answer: Ice for 2 hours at a time
Rationale:
3. Mucosal barrier fortifiers are used in peptic ulcer disease management for which of the following indications?
- A. To inhibit mucus production
- B. To neutralize acid production
- C. To stimulate mucus production
- D. To stimulate hydrogen ion diffusion back into the mucosa
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Mucosal barrier fortifiers stimulate mucus production, which helps protect the lining of the stomach and manage peptic ulcer disease.
4. What assessment question will provide information to the healthcare provider regarding the effects of a woman's circadian rhythms on her quality of life?
- A. How much sleep do you usually get each night?
- B. Does your heart ever seem to skip a beat?
- C. When was the last time you had a fever?
- D. Do you have problems urinating?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct assessment question to understand the effects of a woman's circadian rhythms on her quality of life is to inquire about her sleep duration. Circadian rhythms significantly influence sleep patterns, so knowing how much sleep she usually gets each night can provide valuable insight into potential circadian rhythm disturbances and their impact on her overall well-being.
5. The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient prescribed verapamil SR 120mg PO daily for HTN. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the medication?
- A. �I will take the medication with grapefruit juice each morning.�
- B. �I should expect occasional loose stools from this medication�
- C. �I�ll need to reduce the amount of fiber in my diet�
- D. �I must swallow the pill whole.�
Correct answer: D
Rationale: �SR� indicates that the drug is sustained release; therefore, the patient must swallow the pill intact, without chewing or crushing, which would result in a bolus effect. Grapefruit juice should be avoided, because it can inhibit intestinal and hepatic metabolism of the drug, thereby raising the drug level. Constipation, not loose stools, is a common side effect. Increasing fluids and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse effect.
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