ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology
1. A client has a new prescription for Ferrous sulfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with milk.
- B. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Take this medication before bedtime.
- D. Take this medication with antacids.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to take Ferrous sulfate on an empty stomach. This medication is best absorbed when taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Instructing the client to take it with milk, before bedtime, or with antacids can decrease its absorption and effectiveness. Taking it with milk can reduce the absorption of iron due to the calcium in milk. Taking it before bedtime is not necessary and may cause gastrointestinal upset. Taking it with antacids can interfere with the absorption of iron.
2. What should be done in order to prevent contamination of the environment when making a bed?
- A. Avoid flinging soiled linens
- B. Strip all linens at the same time
- C. Finish both sides at the same time
- D. Embrace soiled linen
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct practice to prevent contamination of the environment when making a bed is to avoid flinging soiled linens. Flinging soiled linens can spread contaminants in the environment, leading to potential health risks. By handling soiled linens properly and avoiding flinging them, the risk of contamination is minimized, ensuring a safer and cleaner environment. Stripping all linens at the same time (choice B) may not necessarily prevent contamination if the soiled linens are flung around. Finishing both sides at the same time (choice C) is unrelated to preventing contamination. Embracing soiled linen (choice D) is not hygienic and can lead to spreading contaminants.
3. What does it mean when a medication has a half-life?
- A. It only lasts for 30 minutes after the medication is given
- B. How long it takes for half of the dose to be eliminated from the bloodstream
- C. It is the peak of how effective the medicine is
- D. Drug is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a medication has a half-life, it refers to the time it takes for half of the dose to be eliminated from the bloodstream. This parameter is crucial in understanding the duration of action and dosing intervals for medications in clinical practice. Choice A is incorrect as the half-life is not about how long the medication lasts but about elimination from the body. Choice C is incorrect because the half-life is not about the peak effectiveness of the medicine. Choice D is incorrect as it does not accurately define the concept of half-life.
4. A preschooler pretending to do the dishes like her mother is an example of:
- A. Domestic mimicry
- B. Artificialism
- C. Magical thinking
- D. Centering
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Domestic mimicry is the correct answer. It refers to children imitating household activities they observe, aiding in their cognitive and social development. By engaging in such play, children understand and interact with the world around them. Choice B, 'Artificialism,' is incorrect as it pertains to the belief that environmental characteristics are created by human beings. Choice C, 'Magical thinking,' involves children believing in unrealistic events or powers. Choice D, 'Centering,' refers to a child focusing on only one aspect of a situation and not considering other viewpoints.
5. Hydrochlorothiazide is classified as a
- A. Anti-inflammatory
- B. Antiarrhythmic
- C. Diuretic
- D. Antifungal
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is classified as a diuretic. Diuretics are medications that help the body get rid of excess salt and water by increasing urine production, reducing fluid retention, and lowering blood pressure. Option A, Anti-inflammatory, is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide does not primarily reduce inflammation. Option B, Antiarrhythmic, is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide is not used to correct heart rhythm irregularities. Option D, Antifungal, is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide is not used to treat fungal infections.
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