Nursing Elites

1. Which statement best describes the composition of most foods?

• A. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients, with one or two predominating.
• B. Foods do not typically contain equal amounts of the three energy nutrients.
• C. Most foods contain mixtures of the three energy nutrients, although only one or two may predominate.
• D. Most foods contain all three energy nutrients in varying amounts.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats), with one or two predominating. Choice A is correct because most foods do contain a combination of energy nutrients, with one or two types usually being predominant. Choice B is incorrect as foods typically do not contain equal amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Choice D is incorrect because most foods contain all three energy nutrients, not just one or two types.

2. What should be assessed first in a child with suspected head trauma?

• A. Response to verbal stimuli
• B. Pupillary reaction
• C. Skin color
• D. Heart rate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to assess the response to verbal stimuli first in a child with suspected head trauma. This assessment helps in determining the child's level of consciousness and neurological status. Assessing the response to verbal stimuli allows healthcare providers to quickly evaluate if the child is alert, oriented, and able to communicate effectively. This initial assessment is crucial in identifying any immediate concerns related to the child's neurological function. Choices B, C, and D are not the primary assessments in cases of suspected head trauma. While pupillary reaction, skin color, and heart rate are important assessments in trauma situations, assessing the response to verbal stimuli takes precedence in evaluating the neurological status of a child with head trauma.

3. If a group of people consumes an amount of protein equal to the estimated average requirement for their population group, what percentage of people will receive insufficient amounts?

• A. 10
• B. 25
• C. 33
• D. 50

Correct answer: D

Rationale: If a group consumes an amount of protein equal to the estimated average requirement, 50% of the people will receive insufficient amounts. The estimated average requirement is the amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group. Therefore, 50% of the group will not be meeting their individual needs if they are consuming only the average requirement. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because at the estimated average requirement level, a higher percentage than those values will receive insufficient amounts.

4. What is the primary reason influencing most people's food choices?

• A. cost
• B. taste
• C. convenience
• D. nutritional value

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary reason most people choose the foods they eat is taste. While cost, convenience, and nutritional value also play a role in food choices, taste often takes precedence as people are more likely to select foods that they find appealing in flavor. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect as taste is the chief factor influencing food choices.

5. What is an important dietary consideration for a child with celiac disease?

• A. Increased iron intake
• B. Gluten-free diet
• C. High-protein diet
• D. Low-sodium diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A gluten-free diet is crucial for managing celiac disease in children because it helps prevent intestinal damage and alleviate symptoms. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, and it triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, damaging the lining of the small intestine. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While iron intake is important for overall health, a child with celiac disease can still meet their iron needs through sources that are naturally gluten-free or fortified. A high-protein diet or a low-sodium diet are not specifically required for managing celiac disease.

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