which statement best describes the composition of most foods

HESI LPN

Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet

1. Which statement best describes the composition of most foods?

A. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients, with one or two predominating.
B. Foods do not typically contain equal amounts of the three energy nutrients.
C. Most foods contain mixtures of the three energy nutrients, although only one or two may predominate.
D. Most foods contain all three energy nutrients in varying amounts.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats), with one or two predominating. Choice A is correct because most foods do contain a combination of energy nutrients, with one or two types usually being predominant. Choice B is incorrect as foods typically do not contain equal amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Choice D is incorrect because most foods contain all three energy nutrients, not just one or two types.

2. Why would a person who eats a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast every day most likely be making a food choice based on ___?

A. habit
B. availability
C. body image
D. environmental concerns

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: habit. Eating the same food regularly often stems from habit, which is a behavior that is repeated regularly and tends to occur subconsciously. Choice B, availability, is incorrect as it refers to the accessibility of a particular food rather than the frequency of consumption. Choice C, body image, is also incorrect as this term relates to how one perceives their own body rather than their food choices. Choice D, environmental concerns, is unrelated to the scenario provided, which is about the frequency of choosing oatmeal for breakfast.

3. How should a caregiver manage a child with a new diagnosis of sickle cell anemia?

A. Ensure the child receives frequent blood transfusions
B. Promote adequate hydration and pain management
C. Restrict physical activity
D. Administer high doses of vitamin C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Promoting adequate hydration and pain management is crucial for managing sickle cell anemia to prevent crises and complications. Adequate hydration helps prevent sickling of red blood cells, while effective pain management is essential for addressing the frequent pain episodes associated with the condition. Ensuring the child receives frequent blood transfusions is not the initial management for sickle cell anemia; transfusions are usually reserved for specific complications. Restricting physical activity should be individualized based on the child's condition; some physical activity is beneficial for overall health. Administering high doses of vitamin C is not a standard treatment for sickle cell anemia and does not address the underlying pathology of the disease.

4. How does a double-blind experiment work?

A. Both subject groups take turns receiving each treatment.
B. Neither subjects nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group.
C. Neither group of subjects knows whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.
D. Both subject groups know whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group. This helps to eliminate bias and ensure that the results are more objective. Choice A is incorrect as in a double-blind experiment, subjects do not take turns receiving each treatment; it is about masking the treatment allocation. Choice C is incorrect because it implies that the researchers are aware of the group allocation, which goes against the principle of blinding in a double-blind study. Choice D is incorrect as both subject groups should not know whether they are in the control or experimental group to maintain the blindness of the study.

5. What dietary modification is important for a child with celiac disease?

A. Increase dairy intake
B. Avoid gluten-containing foods
C. Decrease protein intake
D. Increase fiber intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid gluten-containing foods. For a child with celiac disease, it is crucial to eliminate gluten from their diet to manage the condition effectively. Gluten triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, leading to symptoms and damage to the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing dairy intake, decreasing protein intake, or increasing fiber intake are not specific dietary modifications for managing celiac disease.