HESI LPN
Pediatric Practice Exam HESI
1. The nurse is teaching a parent group about the reasons for adhering to the immunization schedule. What complication of mumps is important for adolescents to avoid?
- A. Sterility
- B. Hypopituitarism
- C. Decrease in libido
- D. Decrease in androgens
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sterility. Mumps can lead to serious complications such as sterility, especially in adolescent males. Vaccination is essential to prevent this potential outcome. Hypopituitarism (Choice B) is not a typical complication of mumps. Choices C and D, decrease in libido and decrease in androgens, are not directly associated with mumps complications, particularly in the context of adolescents.
2. A parent and 3-month-old infant are visiting the well-baby clinic for a routine examination. What should the nurse include in the accident prevention teaching plan?
- A. Remove small objects from the floor.
- B. Cover electric outlets with safety plugs.
- C. Remove toxic substances from low areas.
- D. Test the temperature of water before bathing.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Testing the temperature of water before bathing is crucial to prevent burns, which is a significant risk for infants due to their sensitive skin. Infants have delicate skin that can easily be burned by water that is too hot. Testing the water temperature before bathing ensures that the water is at a safe and comfortable level for the infant. While choices A, B, and C are also important in accident prevention, such as reducing choking hazards, preventing electric shocks, and avoiding poisoning, testing the water temperature before bathing is the most immediate and direct action to prevent harm to the infant during bathing.
3. A 2-year-old child with a diagnosis of hemophilia is admitted to the hospital. What should the nurse include in the care plan?
- A. Encourage participation in contact sports
- B. Use a soft toothbrush for oral care
- C. Administer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- D. Administer aspirin for pain
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Using a soft toothbrush helps to prevent bleeding in a child with hemophilia.
4. When caring for an alert 4-year-old child with a mild airway obstruction, respiratory distress, a strong cough, and normal skin color, what should be included?
- A. Back blows, abdominal thrusts, transport
- B. Oxygen, avoiding agitation, transport
- C. Assisting ventilations, back blows, transport
- D. Chest thrusts, finger sweeps, transport
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct approach for a child with a mild airway obstruction, respiratory distress, and normal skin color includes providing oxygen to support breathing, avoiding agitation that could worsen the situation, and arranging for transport to a healthcare facility. Option A is incorrect because abdominal thrusts are not recommended in a mild airway obstruction scenario, and back blows are typically used for choking. Option C is incorrect because assisting ventilations may not be necessary in a child with a strong cough and normal skin color. Option D is incorrect because chest thrusts are not recommended for a mild airway obstruction, and finger sweeps are used for foreign body airway obstructions.
5. What is the priority nursing responsibility when a 3-year-old child in a crib is experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure with a clamped jaw?
- A. Apply restraints.
- B. Administer oxygen.
- C. Protect the child from self-injury.
- D. Insert a plastic airway in the child’s mouth.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During a tonic-clonic seizure, the priority nursing responsibility is to protect the child from self-injury. Applying restraints (Choice A) can cause harm by restricting movement during the seizure. While administering oxygen (Choice B) may be necessary, it is not the immediate priority during an active seizure. Inserting a plastic airway (Choice D) is contraindicated as it can lead to injury and is not recommended during a seizure. Protecting the child from self-injury (Choice C) is crucial to prevent harm from uncontrolled movements and potential falls, ensuring the safety of the child.
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