HESI LPN
Pediatric Practice Exam HESI
1. What is the most appropriate method to feed an infant born with a unilateral cleft lip and palate?
- A. Plastic spoon
- B. Cross-cut nipple
- C. Parenteral infusion
- D. Rubber-tipped syringe
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A cross-cut nipple is the most appropriate method to feed an infant born with a unilateral cleft lip and palate. Using a cross-cut nipple allows for easier feeding by modifying the flow of milk, which helps in reducing the risk of aspiration in infants with this condition. Plastic spoon, parenteral infusion, and rubber-tipped syringe are not suitable for feeding infants with cleft lip and palate. Feeding an infant with a cleft lip and palate requires special considerations to ensure safe and effective nutrition delivery.
2. Which of the following signs or symptoms is more common in children than adults following head trauma?
- A. nausea and vomiting
- B. altered mental status
- C. tachycardia and diaphoresis
- D. changes in pupillary reaction
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are more common in children following head trauma due to their higher risk of increased intracranial pressure. Children have less space for swelling within the skull compared to adults, making them more prone to experiencing symptoms like nausea and vomiting. Altered mental status and changes in pupillary reaction can also occur in both children and adults following head trauma, but they are not specifically more common in children. Tachycardia and diaphoresis are generally signs of autonomic nervous system activation and may occur in both children and adults, but they are not typically more common in children compared to adults following head trauma.
3. The nurse is admitting a newborn with hypospadias to the nursery. The nurse expects which finding in this newborn?
- A. absence of a urethral opening
- B. penis appears shorter than usual for age
- C. the urethral opening is along the dorsal surface of the penis
- D. the urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the urethral opening is located along the ventral surface of the penis, not the dorsal surface (Choice C) or absent (Choice A). This leads to the characteristic appearance of a ventrally displaced urethral meatus. The penis may appear normal in size but with the urethral opening positioned abnormally (Choice D), rather than being shorter than usual (Choice B). Therefore, the correct expectation for a newborn with hypospadias is that the urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis, making Choice D the correct answer.
4. What is the priority nursing responsibility when a 3-year-old child in a crib has a clamped jaw and is having a tonic-clonic seizure?
- A. Apply restraints.
- B. Administer oxygen.
- C. Protect the child from self-injury.
- D. Insert a plastic airway in the child’s mouth.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During a tonic-clonic seizure, the priority nursing responsibility is to protect the child from self-injury. Applying restraints is not recommended during a seizure as it can lead to further harm. Administering oxygen may be necessary after the seizure to support oxygenation, but it is not the priority during the seizure itself. Inserting a plastic airway is also not indicated as the jaw is clamped, and the child should not have anything placed in the mouth during a seizure. Therefore, the correct action is to ensure the child's safety by protecting them from self-injury, preventing harm from uncontrolled movements and potential falls.
5. After a child has just returned from surgery for a tracheostomy, what is the priority nursing action?
- A. Suctioning the tracheostomy tube
- B. Changing the tracheostomy dressing
- C. Monitoring respiratory status
- D. Ensuring the tracheostomy ties are secure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing action after a child has undergone tracheostomy surgery is to suction the tracheostomy tube. Suctioning is crucial to maintain a clear airway, remove secretions, and prevent potential airway obstruction, which is essential for the child's respiratory function. Changing the tracheostomy dressing, while important for wound care, does not take precedence over airway clearance. Monitoring respiratory status is vital but comes after ensuring airway patency. Ensuring tracheostomy ties are secure is significant for stabilizing the tube but is not as urgent as maintaining a patent airway through suctioning.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
HESI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
HESI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99