HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Questions
1. What is the most common cause of vaginal bleeding immediately after birth?
- A. Uterine atony
- B. Genital lacerations
- C. Abnormal clotting mechanism
- D. Endometritis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Vaginal bleeding immediately after birth is most often due to uterine atony, which is the failure of the uterus to contract following delivery. This results in inadequate compression of blood vessels at the placental site, leading to hemorrhage. Genital lacerations and abnormal clotting mechanisms can also cause bleeding but are less common immediately after birth compared to uterine atony. Endometritis, inflammation of the lining of the uterus, usually presents with symptoms like fever and pelvic pain rather than immediate postpartum bleeding.
2. The nurse is planning a nutrition class for a group of high school students emphasizing the goals for nutrition from Healthy People 2020. Which meal selection provides the best choices in meeting these goals?
- A. pasta with cheese sauce, garlic butter bread, and vegetable juice drink
- B. a 6-oz pork chop, creamed peas, cheese sauce on potatoes, coffee
- C. vegetable lasagna, lettuce salad, a whole wheat roll, 8 oz of 2% milk
- D. bacon, lettuce, tomato sandwich, whole grain chips, 8 oz. of whole milk
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because vegetable lasagna, lettuce salad, and a whole wheat roll with 2% milk align with the nutrition goals of Healthy People 2020. These choices provide a balanced meal with vegetables, whole grains, and dairy, promoting a healthier dietary pattern. Choices A, B, and D do not offer as comprehensive a selection of food groups or as healthy options as choice C, making them less aligned with the nutrition goals of Healthy People 2020.
3. In planning for the nursing care of the sick person in the home, the major point that the nurse must keep in mind is:
- A. who will be responsible for the patient during the nurse's absence from the home
- B. economic level of the family
- C. the availability of the nearest hospital
- D. whether or not the patient is under a private physician
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because ensuring someone is responsible for the patient is crucial for continuous care. The presence of a caregiver during the nurse's absence ensures the patient's safety and well-being. Choice B, economic level of the family, is important but not the major point when planning nursing care in the home. Choice C, the availability of the nearest hospital, is significant but doesn't address the day-to-day care in the home. Choice D, whether or not the patient is under a private physician, is relevant but not as critical as ensuring someone is available to care for the patient at all times.
4. For whom is the community health nurse primarily responsible?
- A. individuals
- B. populations
- C. families
- D. class E citizens
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Community health nurses are primarily responsible for populations. While they do provide care and support to individuals and families within the community, their focus is on the health and well-being of entire populations. Choice A is incorrect as the primary responsibility is broader than just individuals. Choice C is incorrect as families are part of the population but not the sole focus. Choice D, 'class E citizens', is too specific and not a standard term in public health, making it an incorrect choice.
5. The process by which an individual gains knowledge and skills to improve their health and well-being is known as:
- A. Health literacy
- B. Health education
- C. Health promotion
- D. Health behavior
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Health education. Health education is the process through which individuals acquire knowledge and skills to enhance their health and well-being. Health literacy (choice A) refers to the ability to understand and use health information, but it is not the same as the process of gaining knowledge and skills. Health promotion (choice C) involves advocating for health and implementing interventions to improve health outcomes, rather than the individual learning process. Health behavior (choice D) pertains to the actions individuals take regarding their health, not specifically the process of gaining knowledge and skills.
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