HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Questions
1. The process by which an individual gains knowledge and skills to improve their health and well-being is known as:
- A. Health literacy
- B. Health education
- C. Health promotion
- D. Health behavior
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Health education. Health education is the process through which individuals acquire knowledge and skills to enhance their health and well-being. Health literacy (choice A) refers to the ability to understand and use health information, but it is not the same as the process of gaining knowledge and skills. Health promotion (choice C) involves advocating for health and implementing interventions to improve health outcomes, rather than the individual learning process. Health behavior (choice D) pertains to the actions individuals take regarding their health, not specifically the process of gaining knowledge and skills.
2. A client with tuberculosis is receiving isoniazid (INH). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hepatotoxicity
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Hypotension
- D. Hypokalemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hepatotoxicity. Isoniazid (INH) can lead to hepatotoxicity, necessitating the monitoring of liver function tests. This adverse effect is characterized by liver damage and dysfunction. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because isoniazid is not typically associated with hyperglycemia, hypotension, or hypokalemia. Therefore, the nurse should focus on assessing for signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity in a client receiving isoniazid.
3. Which of the following strategies is most effective in promoting breastfeeding in a community?
- A. Providing formula samples
- B. Offering breastfeeding education and support
- C. Encouraging early weaning
- D. Promoting bottle feeding
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most effective strategy in promoting breastfeeding in a community is offering breastfeeding education and support. This helps mothers learn about the benefits of breastfeeding, gain confidence in their ability to breastfeed, and receive necessary support to overcome challenges. Providing formula samples (Choice A) can undermine breastfeeding efforts by promoting formula feeding over breastfeeding. Encouraging early weaning (Choice C) goes against the recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Promoting bottle feeding (Choice D) can deter mothers from initiating or continuing breastfeeding, leading to decreased breastfeeding rates.
4. Which of the following is an example of a positive outcome for one of the Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020?
- A. A community has adopted a no smoking policy.
- B. A rural community has a public transportation system.
- C. The high school dropout rate has decreased by 15%.
- D. A county has decreased its divorce rate by 10%.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A community adopting a no smoking policy is a positive outcome for the Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020 as it promotes a healthier environment by reducing exposure to secondhand smoke and decreasing smoking-related illnesses. Choices B, C, and D do not directly align with the goals of the Leading Health Indicators. While public transportation and reduced dropout rates are beneficial for community well-being, they are not specific examples of Leading Health Indicators. Decreasing divorce rates, while potentially beneficial for family stability, is not a focus area of the Leading Health Indicators.
5. The occupational health nurse is completing a yearly self-evaluation. Which activity should the nurse document as an example of proficient performance criteria in professionalism?
- A. Contributes money to a professional society or organization
- B. Maintains chairmanship of the hospital nursing council
- C. Documents the nursing process in care management
- D. Develops policy initiatives that impact occupational health and safety
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining chairmanship of the hospital nursing council demonstrates leadership and professionalism. This role involves overseeing and leading nursing activities at the hospital, showcasing a high level of responsibility and professionalism. Choices A, C, and D do not directly relate to demonstrating professionalism. Contributing money to a professional society, documenting the nursing process, or developing policy initiatives, while valuable activities, do not directly reflect the same level of leadership and professionalism as maintaining chairmanship.
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