HESI LPN
LPN Nutrition Practice Test
1. What is a common sign of a respiratory infection in infants?
- A. Increased appetite
- B. Rapid breathing
- C. Decreased urine output
- D. Lethargy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rapid breathing is a common sign of a respiratory infection in infants. When infants have a respiratory infection, their breathing may become rapid as their body tries to get more oxygen. This symptom is often seen alongside cough and fever. Increased appetite (Choice A) is not typically associated with respiratory infections but can be seen in other conditions. Decreased urine output (Choice C) is more indicative of dehydration or kidney issues rather than a respiratory infection. Lethargy (Choice D) can be a symptom of various illnesses but is not as specific to respiratory infections as rapid breathing.
2. While caring for a four-year-old female patient who was severely burned in a house fire, how would you determine the extent of this child's burns?
- A. By using the Lund and Browder chart
- B. By using the Rule of Nines
- C. By using the Rule of Tens
- D. By using the Parkland Formula
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: By using the Lund and Browder chart. The Lund and Browder chart is specifically designed to assess the extent of burns in children accurately, taking into account the variation in body proportions as children grow. This method provides a more precise estimation of the total body surface area affected by burns in pediatric patients. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. The Rule of Nines is more suitable for adults, not children. The Rule of Tens is not a standard method for assessing burn extent, and the Parkland Formula is used to calculate fluid resuscitation requirements in burn patients, not to determine the extent of burns.
3. Which of the following is not classified as an essential health service?
- A. Provision of eye glasses and dentures for the elderly
- B. Maternal and child care
- C. Basic sanitation and prevention and control of locally endemic diseases
- D. Promotion of proper nutrition, adequate supply of safe water, and health education
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The provision of eyeglasses and dentures for the elderly is not classified as an essential health service. Essential health services typically focus on preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative care that address the primary healthcare needs of individuals and communities. Choices B, C, and D are examples of essential health services as they directly contribute to improving and maintaining the health of populations. Maternal and child care, basic sanitation, disease prevention, nutrition promotion, safe water supply, and health education are essential components of public health initiatives.
4. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a prescription for knee-length anti-embolic stockings. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Remove the client’s stockings at least once during each shift
- B. Roll the top of the client’s stockings down to just below the knee
- C. Seat the client in a chair for 30 minutes prior to applying stockings
- D. Measure the length of the client’s leg from the heel to the gluteal fold
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to remove the client’s stockings at least once during each shift. This is important to inspect the skin and prevent complications such as pressure injuries or impaired circulation. Rolling the top of the stockings down can compromise their effectiveness in preventing blood clots. Seating the client in a chair prior to applying stockings is not directly related to the care of anti-embolic stockings. Measuring the length of the client’s leg from the heel to the gluteal fold is not necessary for the application or care of knee-length anti-embolic stockings.
5. What is the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults?
- A. 10 grams
- B. 15 grams
- C. 20 grams
- D. 25 grams
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The recommended daily intake of fiber for adults is 25 grams. Fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining digestive health, preventing constipation, and aiding in weight management. Options A (10 grams), B (15 grams), and C (20 grams) are incorrect as they are below the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults, which is 25 grams.