HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Test Bank
1. The nurse is teaching a community group about risks of cardiovascular disease. Several clients ask the nurse to determine their risk. Which client should the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease?
- A. A male with a serum cholesterol level of 199 mg/dl.
- B. A female with a serum cholesterol level of 201 mg/dl.
- C. A male with a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level of 200 mg/dl.
- D. A female with a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level of 160 mg/dl.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A male with a high LDL level (200 mg/dl) has a significant risk for cardiovascular disease. High levels of LDL cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. Choices A, B, and D have serum cholesterol levels that are slightly elevated but are not as specific or directly linked to cardiovascular risk as high LDL levels. Therefore, the client with the high LDL level is at the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease.
2. When discussing hypothyroidism and treatment with the family of a newborn, the nurse should emphasize
- A. Expecting mental retardation in the child is likely
- B. Administering thyroid hormone can prevent problems
- C. This rare problem is always hereditary
- D. Physical growth/development will be delayed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Administering thyroid hormone to a newborn diagnosed with hypothyroidism can prevent developmental delays and mental retardation. This treatment is crucial to ensure optimal growth and development. Choice A is incorrect because with prompt treatment, mental retardation can be prevented. Choice C is incorrect as hypothyroidism can also be acquired and not only hereditary. Choice D is incorrect as physical growth and development can be supported through timely administration of thyroid hormone.
3. The family health care plan includes the following listed in sequence:
- A. objective, statement of the problem, intervention, and evaluation
- B. objectives, intervention, evaluation, and statement of the problem
- C. evaluation, statement of the problems, objectives, and interventions
- D. statement of the problems, objectives, intervention, and evaluation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In a family health care plan, the correct sequence should start with identifying the problems (statement of the problems), setting objectives, planning interventions, and then evaluating the outcomes. This sequence ensures a logical and structured approach to healthcare planning. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not follow the logical order of healthcare planning steps.
4. The nurse is planning care for a client with pneumococcal pneumonia. Which of the following would be most effective in removing respiratory secretions?
- A. Administration of cough suppressants
- B. Increasing oral fluid intake to 3000 cc per day
- C. Maintaining bed rest with bathroom privileges
- D. Performing chest physiotherapy twice a day
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Increasing oral fluid intake to 3000 cc per day is the most effective in removing respiratory secretions in a client with pneumococcal pneumonia. Adequate hydration helps thin secretions, making them easier to expectorate. Administration of cough suppressants (Choice A) may hinder the removal of secretions by suppressing the cough reflex. Maintaining bed rest with bathroom privileges (Choice C) is important but does not directly address the removal of respiratory secretions. Performing chest physiotherapy (Choice D) is beneficial for mobilizing secretions but may not be as effective as increasing fluid intake in thinning and facilitating the removal of secretions.
5. Under which level of primary health care workers does a rural sanitary inspector fall?
- A. Village health workers
- B. Intermediate level health workers
- C. Barangay health workers
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rural sanitary inspectors are classified as intermediate level health workers. They are not categorized under village health workers or barangay health workers. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
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