HESI LPN
Leadership and Management HESI Test Bank
1. A nurse is caring for a client who requests information about the prevalence of Tay-Sachs disease. Which of the following resources should the nurse use to obtain this information?
- A. The client's health care provider
- B. A collaborative, user-edited website
- C. The facility's case manager
- D. An evidence-based nursing journal
Correct answer: D
Rationale: An evidence-based nursing journal is the correct choice for the nurse to obtain information about the prevalence of Tay-Sachs disease. These journals contain peer-reviewed research and studies conducted by experts in the field, providing accurate and reliable information. Choice A, the client's health care provider, may have general information but may not provide detailed prevalence data. Choice B, a collaborative, user-edited website, is not a reliable source as the information may be inaccurate or outdated. Choice C, the facility's case manager, is unlikely to have specific prevalence data on Tay-Sachs disease.
2. Select the stage of viral hepatitis that is accurately paired with its characteristic(s).
- A. The prodromal stage: Jaundice begins
- B. The icteric stage: Flu-like symptoms occur
- C. The pre-icteric stage: Elevated urine bilirubin levels
- D. The post-icteric stage: Jaundice and dark urine occur
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The post-icteric stage of viral hepatitis is accurately described as the stage where jaundice and dark urine occur due to the accumulation of bilirubin. The resolution of jaundice and normalization of urine color are seen in this stage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. In the prodromal stage, symptoms like fatigue and malaise appear before jaundice. The icteric stage is characterized by jaundice, not flu-like symptoms. The pre-icteric stage does not typically involve elevated urine bilirubin levels, as this occurs after the icteric stage.
3. The nurse is planning care for a patient with acute hypernatremia. What should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care? (select one that does not apply)
- A. Reduce IV access
- B. Limit length of visits
- C. Restrict fluids to 1500 mL per day
- D. Conduct frequent neurologic checks
Correct answer: D
Rationale: For a patient with acute hypernatremia, the nurse should include interventions like reducing free water losses, correcting sodium levels slowly, monitoring neurologic status, and ensuring adequate fluid intake. Conducting frequent neurologic checks is essential in assessing the patient's neurological status and detecting any changes promptly. Therefore, this action should not be excluded from the plan of care. Choices A, B, and C are not directly related to managing acute hypernatremia and can be safely excluded from the plan of care. Reducing IV access, limiting length of visits, and restricting fluids to 1500 mL per day are not appropriate actions for managing acute hypernatremia.
4. A charge nurse on an obstetrical unit is preparing the shift assignment. Which of the following clients should be assigned to an RN who has floated from a medical-surgical unit?
- A. A client who is at 32 weeks of gestation and has premature rupture of membranes
- B. A multigravida client who has preeclampsia and is receiving misoprostol for induction of labor
- C. A primigravida client who is 1 day postoperative following a Cesarean section and has a PCA pump
- D. A client who has gestational diabetes and is receiving biweekly nonstress tests
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A nurse who floated from a medical-surgical unit would be appropriate to care for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a Cesarean section and has a PCA pump. This client requires monitoring of the postoperative incision site, pain management through the PCA pump, and assessment for any signs of complications related to the surgery. Assigning this client to an RN with experience in postoperative care aligns with providing specialized and appropriate care. Choices A, B, and D involve conditions or procedures specific to obstetrics that would be better managed by a nurse with obstetrical experience, making them incorrect choices for the floated RN.
5. Most water leaves the body by way of the:
- A. Lungs
- B. Intestines
- C. Skin
- D. Kidneys
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Most water leaves the body through the kidneys. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste and excess substances from the blood to form urine, which is then excreted out of the body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while a small amount of water can be lost through respiration, feces, and sweating, the primary organ responsible for regulating water balance and excretion is the kidneys.
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