HESI LPN
Adult Health Exam 1 Chamberlain
1. The client is being taught about managing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which dietary restriction should be emphasized the most?
- A. Limit consumption of high-fiber foods
- B. Restrict protein intake
- C. Avoid dairy products
- D. Increase fluid intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Restricting protein intake is vital in managing chronic kidney disease (CKD) as it helps decrease the kidneys' workload and slows down disease progression. High-fiber foods are generally beneficial for health and should not be limited in CKD management. Dairy products can be consumed moderately unless contraindicated. While adequate fluid intake is crucial, increasing intake excessively may not be suitable for all CKD patients, especially those with fluid restrictions. Therefore, the most crucial dietary restriction to emphasize in CKD management is restricting protein intake.
2. A client with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure is receiving digoxin. What is the most important instruction the nurse should provide?
- A. Take the medication with a high-fiber meal
- B. Monitor pulse rate daily before taking the medication
- C. Avoid dairy products while on this medication
- D. Discontinue the medication if blurred vision is experienced
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most important instruction the nurse should provide is to monitor pulse rate daily before taking the medication. Digoxin can lead to bradycardia, so it is crucial to assess the pulse rate before administering the medication. This practice helps ensure that the heart rate is not too low for the safe use of digoxin. Choice A is incorrect as there is no specific requirement to take digoxin with a high-fiber meal. Choice C is also incorrect because there is no need to avoid dairy products while on digoxin. Choice D is incorrect since blurred vision is not a common side effect of digoxin; hence, it is not the most critical instruction to provide.
3. What skin care measure should the nurse implement for a client who underwent external radiation treatment the previous day?
- A. Cleanse the radiated area with water and pat the skin dry
- B. Lightly massage the radiated skin with a lanolin-based lotion
- C. Rinse the site with normal saline and cover with a sterile towel
- D. Use a soft washcloth to gently remove the skin markings
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct measure for skin care after external radiation treatment is to cleanse the radiated area with water and pat the skin dry. This gentle cleansing without harsh chemicals or friction helps protect the integrity of radiated skin, preventing irritation or further damage. Choice B is incorrect because massaging radiated skin can cause further irritation, which should be avoided. Choice C is incorrect as rinsing with normal saline and covering with a sterile towel may not be necessary and could potentially introduce infection due to excessive moisture. Choice D is incorrect as using a soft washcloth to remove skin markings can be too abrasive for radiated skin, risking damage and irritation.
4. When teaching a group of school-aged children how to reduce the risk for Lyme disease, which instruction should the camp nurse include?
- A. Wash hands frequently.
- B. Avoid drinking lake water.
- C. Do not share personal products.
- D. Wear long sleeves and pants.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Wear long sleeves and pants.' This instruction is crucial in reducing the risk of Lyme disease because it helps minimize exposure to ticks that carry the disease. Ticks are commonly found in grassy and wooded areas, so covering up with long sleeves and pants can act as a physical barrier and prevent ticks from attaching to the skin. Choices A, B, and C are not directly related to preventing Lyme disease. Washing hands frequently is important for general hygiene but not specifically for preventing tick bites. Avoiding drinking lake water is more about preventing waterborne illnesses rather than Lyme disease. Not sharing personal products is important for preventing the spread of infections but is not directly related to Lyme disease prevention.
5. When using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), which step is most important for ensuring effective medication delivery?
- A. Exhale completely before using the inhaler
- B. Inhale quickly while pressing down on the inhaler
- C. Shake the inhaler for 10 seconds before use
- D. Hold breath for 5 seconds after inhaling
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct step to ensure effective medication delivery when using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is to exhale completely before using the inhaler. This action helps create more space in the lungs for the medication to reach deeply into the airways. Inhaling quickly while pressing down on the inhaler (Choice B) may cause the medication to impact the throat rather than reaching the lungs. Shaking the inhaler for 10 seconds before use (Choice C) is important to mix the medication but not the most crucial step for effective delivery. While holding the breath for 5 seconds after inhaling (Choice D) can help the medication stay in the lungs momentarily, exhaling completely before inhalation is more critical for optimal drug deposition.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
HESI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
HESI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99