Nursing Elites

1. The motive for a person who alters their diet due to religious convictions is most likely related to their ___.

• A. values
• B. body image
• C. ethnic heritage
• D. functional association

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'values.' When individuals alter their diet due to religious convictions, it is primarily driven by their personal or cultural values associated with their faith. This choice reflects the strong influence that religious beliefs can have on dietary choices. Choice B, 'body image,' is incorrect because altering one's diet for religious reasons is more about spiritual beliefs than physical appearance. Choice C, 'ethnic heritage,' is incorrect as it pertains more to cultural background rather than religious convictions. Choice D, 'functional association,' is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the motivation behind altering one's diet for religious reasons.

2. What is a common sign of hypothyroidism in children?

• A. Weight loss
• B. Increased heart rate
• C. Dry skin and constipation
• D. Elevated blood pressure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dry skin and constipation are typical signs of hypothyroidism in children. Hypothyroidism results from an underactive thyroid gland, leading to symptoms such as dry skin and constipation. Weight loss (Choice A) is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland is overactive. Increased heart rate (Choice B) and elevated blood pressure (Choice D) are also more characteristic of hyperthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism. Therefore, the correct answer is dry skin and constipation (Choice C) when identifying signs of hypothyroidism in children.

3. What is the main purpose of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)?

• A. To provide guidelines for nutrient intakes that meet the needs of most healthy people.
• B. To specify the minimum amount of nutrients required for survival.
• C. To establish maximum safe levels of nutrient intakes.
• D. To recommend specific nutrient intake levels to prevent chronic diseases.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main purpose of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) is to provide guidelines for nutrient intakes that meet the needs of most healthy people. Choice B is incorrect because RDAs aim beyond just survival requirements. Choice C is incorrect because establishing maximum safe levels is the role of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Choice D is incorrect because preventing chronic diseases is more associated with Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) like Adequate Intakes (AIs) and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Therefore, the correct answer is A.

4. What is the primary goal in managing a child with cystic fibrosis?

• A. Increase dietary fat intake
• B. Prevent lung infections
• C. Increase physical activity
• D. Ensure high protein intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal in managing a child with cystic fibrosis is to prevent lung infections. Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the respiratory system, leading to thick mucus buildup in the lungs, which increases the risk of infections. Preventing lung infections through proper respiratory care, medications, airway clearance techniques, and vaccinations is crucial in managing cystic fibrosis. While dietary interventions like increasing dietary fat intake, ensuring high protein intake, and promoting physical activity are also important aspects of cystic fibrosis management, preventing lung infections takes precedence as it directly addresses a major complication of the condition.

5. Non-nutrient substances found in plant foods that may demonstrate biological activity in the body are commonly known as ___

• A. Bioenhancements
• B. Inorganic fibers
• C. Phytochemicals
• D. Phytoactive chemicals

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plant foods that may affect health. They are known for their potential health benefits, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. 'Bioenhancements' is not a term used to describe non-nutrient substances in plant foods. 'Inorganic fibers' do not refer to bioactive compounds found in plants. 'Phytoactive chemicals' is not a commonly used term in nutrition science to describe these compounds.

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