HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Practice Exam
1. A client is scheduled to have a blood test for cholesterol and triglycerides the next day. The nurse would tell the client
- A. ''Be sure to eat a fat-free diet until the test.''
- B. ''Do not eat or drink anything but water for 12 hours before the blood test.''
- C. ''Have the blood drawn within 2 hours of eating breakfast.''
- D. ''Stay at the laboratory so 2 blood samples can be drawn an hour apart.''
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fasting for at least 12 hours is necessary before a cholesterol and triglyceride test to ensure accurate results by avoiding fluctuations that can occur after eating. Choice A is incorrect because a fat-free diet is not required; fasting is. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests having the test right after eating, which can affect the results. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to stay at the laboratory for 2 blood samples unless specifically instructed by a healthcare provider.
2. What does the nurse perform to determine the family nursing problems/needs?
- A. goal setting
- B. family health care plan formulation
- C. assessment
- D. evaluation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: assessment. Assessment is the initial step in identifying family nursing problems/needs. During assessment, the nurse collects data to understand the family's health status, strengths, weaknesses, and potential areas for intervention. This process helps in developing an accurate picture of the family's situation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because goal setting, family health care plan formulation, and evaluation come after the assessment phase. Goal setting occurs once the issues are identified, the family health care plan is developed based on assessment findings, and evaluation is the final step to assess the effectiveness of the interventions implemented.
3. What is the primary goal of community health nursing?
- A. Promote health and prevent disease
- B. Provide care to the sick
- C. Conduct research
- D. Develop health policies
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal of community health nursing is to promote health and prevent disease. Community health nurses focus on preventive care, health promotion, and education to improve the overall health of the community. Providing care to the sick (Choice B) is part of nursing but not the primary goal of community health nursing. While research (Choice C) and developing health policies (Choice D) may be components of community health nursing, they are not the primary goal, which is centered around promoting health and preventing disease.
4. On admission to the psychiatric unit, the client is trembling and appears fearful. The nurse’s initial response should be to
- A. Give the client orientation materials and review the unit rules and regulations
- B. Introduce oneself and accompany the client to their room
- C. Take the client to the day room and introduce them to the other clients
- D. Ask the nursing assistant to get the client’s vital signs and complete the admission search
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In situations where a client is trembling and fearful upon admission to a psychiatric unit, it is essential to prioritize building trust and reducing anxiety. By introducing oneself and accompanying the client to their room, the nurse can establish a therapeutic relationship, provide a sense of security, and address the client's immediate emotional needs. Choices A, C, and D are not the most appropriate initial responses as they do not directly address the client's emotional state or focus on establishing a supportive relationship.
5. The client with Raynaud's phenomenon would benefit most by which teaching intervention?
- A. Stop smoking
- B. Keep feet dry
- C. Reduce stress
- D. Avoid caffeine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stop smoking. Smoking causes vasoconstriction, worsening the symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon. Quitting smoking is crucial in managing this condition effectively. Choices B, C, and D are not as directly related to the pathophysiology of Raynaud's phenomenon. While keeping feet dry and reducing stress can be beneficial for overall health, they are not as directly linked to managing Raynaud's phenomenon as smoking cessation.
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