HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Practice Exam
1. When admitting a client with Parkinson's disease to the home healthcare service, which nursing diagnosis should have priority in planning care?
- A. Impaired physical mobility related to muscle rigidity and weakness.
- B. Ineffective coping related to depression and dysfunction due to disease progression.
- C. Ineffective breathing pattern related to respiratory muscle weakness.
- D. Fear related to constant possibility of experiencing seizures.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Impaired physical mobility related to muscle rigidity and weakness.' For a client with Parkinson's disease, impaired physical mobility is a priority nursing diagnosis because of the characteristic motor symptoms such as muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Addressing impaired physical mobility is crucial to enhance the client's quality of life. Choices B, C, and D are not the priority nursing diagnoses for a client with Parkinson's disease. Ineffective coping (Choice B) and fear of seizures (Choice D) may be concerns but are not the priority. Ineffective breathing pattern (Choice C) is not typically associated with Parkinson's disease.
2. On admission to the psychiatric unit, the client is trembling and appears fearful. The nurse’s initial response should be to
- A. Give the client orientation materials and review the unit rules and regulations
- B. Introduce oneself and accompany the client to their room
- C. Take the client to the day room and introduce them to the other clients
- D. Ask the nursing assistant to get the client’s vital signs and complete the admission search
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In situations where a client is trembling and fearful upon admission to a psychiatric unit, it is essential to prioritize building trust and reducing anxiety. By introducing oneself and accompanying the client to their room, the nurse can establish a therapeutic relationship, provide a sense of security, and address the client's immediate emotional needs. Choices A, C, and D are not the most appropriate initial responses as they do not directly address the client's emotional state or focus on establishing a supportive relationship.
3. What is the primary goal of community health nursing?
- A. Promote health and prevent disease
- B. Provide care to the sick
- C. Conduct research
- D. Develop health policies
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal of community health nursing is to promote health and prevent disease. Community health nurses focus on preventive care, health promotion, and education to improve the overall health of the community. Providing care to the sick (Choice B) is part of nursing but not the primary goal of community health nursing. While research (Choice C) and developing health policies (Choice D) may be components of community health nursing, they are not the primary goal, which is centered around promoting health and preventing disease.
4. The emphasis of community health nursing is on:
- A. treatment of health problems
- B. preventing problems and promoting optimum health
- C. identification and assessment of health problems
- D. illness end of the wellness-illness continuum
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Community health nursing primarily focuses on preventive measures and promoting overall health within a community. Choice A is incorrect as treatment is not the main emphasis. Choice C is incorrect as identification and assessment are steps that may be involved but not the main focus. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to the illness end rather than the preventive end of the wellness-illness continuum.
5. Environmental sanitation is the primary problem in community Y. As a stranger to the health unit, one of the major strategies in your plan is the improvement of the environmental health conditions of the community. To indicate this, which of the following would you do?
- A. meet with youth officials and parents' group leaders
- B. meet with religious and educational leaders
- C. request mayors to create a task force to help implement your project
- D. inform local announcers to disseminate the what and why of your project
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, requesting mayors to create a task force is the most effective strategy to improve environmental health conditions in the community. Engaging with local government officials ensures the allocation of resources, coordination of efforts, and the implementation of sustainable solutions. While meeting with youth officials, parents' group leaders, religious and educational leaders are important, involving mayors in creating a task force will lead to broader community involvement and support. Informing local announcers about the project, although helpful for awareness, is not as impactful as engaging with local authorities for tangible change.
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