HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Practice Exam
1. What does the nurse perform to determine the family nursing problems/needs?
- A. goal setting
- B. family health care plan formulation
- C. assessment
- D. evaluation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: assessment. Assessment is the initial step in identifying family nursing problems/needs. During assessment, the nurse collects data to understand the family's health status, strengths, weaknesses, and potential areas for intervention. This process helps in developing an accurate picture of the family's situation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because goal setting, family health care plan formulation, and evaluation come after the assessment phase. Goal setting occurs once the issues are identified, the family health care plan is developed based on assessment findings, and evaluation is the final step to assess the effectiveness of the interventions implemented.
2. Environmental sanitation is the primary problem in community Y. As a stranger to the health unit, one of the major strategies in your plan is the improvement of the environmental health conditions of the community. To indicate this, which of the following would you do?
- A. meet with youth officials and parents' group leaders
- B. meet with religious and educational leaders
- C. request mayors to create a task force to help implement your project
- D. inform local announcers to disseminate the what and why of your project
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, requesting mayors to create a task force is the most effective strategy to improve environmental health conditions in the community. Engaging with local government officials ensures the allocation of resources, coordination of efforts, and the implementation of sustainable solutions. While meeting with youth officials, parents' group leaders, religious and educational leaders are important, involving mayors in creating a task force will lead to broader community involvement and support. Informing local announcers about the project, although helpful for awareness, is not as impactful as engaging with local authorities for tangible change.
3. A client with a urinary tract infection is receiving ciprofloxacin (Cipro). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Tendonitis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin can cause tendonitis and an increased risk of tendon rupture. Monitoring for tendonitis is crucial as it can lead to significant musculoskeletal issues. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as hypertension, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia are not typically associated with ciprofloxacin use.
4. The nurse is discussing dietary intake with an adolescent who has acne. The most appropriate statement for the nurse is:
- A. Eat a balanced diet for your age.
- B. Increase your intake of protein and Vitamin A.
- C. Decrease fatty foods from your diet.
- D. Do not use caffeine in any form, including chocolate.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate advice for an adolescent with acne is to eat a balanced diet for their age. A balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrients is essential for overall health, including skin health. While protein and Vitamin A are important for skin health, focusing solely on increasing these nutrients may not address the overall dietary needs. Similarly, solely decreasing fatty foods or avoiding caffeine may not be the most effective advice for managing acne. Therefore, the best advice is to promote a balanced diet tailored to the adolescent's age.
5. A child and his family were exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis about 2 months ago. To confirm the presence or absence of an infection, it is most important for all family members to have a
- A. Chest x-ray
- B. Blood culture
- C. Sputum culture
- D. PPD intradermal test
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The PPD (purified protein derivative) intradermal test is the standard screening method for detecting tuberculosis infection. It helps identify individuals who have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A chest x-ray (Choice A) is used to assess the extent of active disease, not for screening purposes. Blood culture (Choice B) is not typically used for tuberculosis screening. Sputum culture (Choice C) is used to confirm active tuberculosis in symptomatic individuals, not for initial screening purposes.
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