HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Exam
1. As the immediate supervisor of the Rural Health Midwives, the PHN prepares a supervisory plan. Which of the following would be the PHN's activity?
- A. performing needs assessment
- B. listing supervisory activities
- C. identifying the training needs
- D. formulating objectives for supervision
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: listing supervisory activities. When preparing a supervisory plan, the Public Health Nurse (PHN) needs to list the specific supervisory activities that need to be carried out. This helps in organizing and outlining the tasks that need to be accomplished to ensure effective supervision. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because although needs assessment, identifying training needs, and formulating objectives are important aspects of supervisory planning, they are not specifically related to the act of preparing a detailed list of supervisory activities.
2. The nurse is assessing a client with portal hypertension. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect?
- A. Expiratory wheezes
- B. Blurred vision
- C. Ascites
- D. Dilated pupils
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Ascites is a common finding in clients with portal hypertension. Portal hypertension results in increased pressure in the portal vein, leading to the development of ascites, which is the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Expiratory wheezes (Choice A) are associated with respiratory conditions. Blurred vision (Choice B) is more commonly linked to eye disorders or neurological issues. Dilated pupils (Choice D) can be related to neurological conditions or drug effects, but not specifically to portal hypertension.
3. The RN is serving on a medical center committee to update goals and protocols based on the national standards. Which goal most directly addresses the Healthy People 2020 initiative?
- A. Reduce ED wait time for indigent clients
- B. Providing transportation for medically challenged clients
- C. Provide access to health services
- D. Refer clients to local health department for medical services
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Provide access to health services.' This goal most directly addresses the Healthy People 2020 initiative, which aims to improve health care access for all individuals. Option A, 'Reduce ED wait time for indigent clients,' focuses on efficiency rather than access. Option B, 'Providing transportation for medically challenged clients,' addresses a specific need but does not cover overall health service access. Option D, 'Refer clients to local health department for medical services,' involves referral rather than direct access to services.
4. You attended a home delivery with the Rural Health midwife. The newborn is premature. Which of the following should be included in premature infant care at home?
- A. establishing and maintaining good respiration
- B. proper management of feeding
- C. minimum handling of the baby
- D. regulation of body temperature
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Regulation of body temperature is crucial for the survival of a premature infant. Premature infants have difficulty regulating their body temperature, making it essential to keep them warm. While establishing and maintaining good respiration and proper feeding management are important aspects of infant care, they are not as critical as regulating body temperature for premature infants. Additionally, while minimizing handling to reduce stress can be beneficial, it is not as vital as temperature regulation for premature infants.
5. A client with terminal cancer is experiencing severe pain. The nurse plans to implement which of the following pain management strategies?
- A. Administer analgesics on a fixed schedule
- B. Administer analgesics only when the client requests
- C. Use non-pharmacological methods only
- D. Increase the dose of analgesics when the client complains of pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering analgesics on a fixed schedule is the most appropriate pain management strategy for a client with terminal cancer experiencing severe pain. This approach ensures consistent pain control and helps prevent breakthrough pain. Administering analgesics only when the client requests (Choice B) may lead to uncontrolled pain as the client may delay requesting medication until the pain becomes unbearable. Using non-pharmacological methods only (Choice C) may not provide adequate pain relief for a client experiencing severe pain. Increasing the dose of analgesics when the client complains of pain (Choice D) may result in inconsistent pain control and could lead to potential overdose or adverse effects.
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