HESI LPN
HESI Fundamentals Test Bank
1. While changing the linen on the client's bed, what should the nurse do?
- A. Hold the linen away from their body and clothing.
- B. Fold the linen neatly before placing it in the laundry.
- C. Wear clean gloves while handling the linen.
- D. Place the linen directly on the floor until the new linen is in place.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When changing the linen on a client's bed, it is essential for the nurse to hold the linen away from their body and clothing. This practice helps prevent contamination and maintain a clean environment. Folding the linen neatly before placing it in the laundry (Choice B) is a good practice but not the immediate action required during linen changing. Wearing clean gloves while handling the linen (Choice C) is important in certain situations but may not be necessary for routine linen changing. Placing the linen directly on the floor until the new linen is in place (Choice D) is incorrect as it can lead to contamination and is not hygienic.
2. A client is prescribed a buccal medication. Which of the following client statements indicates that the client understands how to take this medication?
- A. “I will first dissolve the tablet in water.”
- B. “I will insert the tablet between my cheek and teeth.”
- C. “I will place the tablet under my tongue.”
- D. “I will chew the tablet.”
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct way to take buccal medications is to insert the tablet between the cheek and gums where it will dissolve slowly. Option A is incorrect because buccal medications are not meant to be dissolved in water. Option C is incorrect as sublingual medications are placed under the tongue. Option D is incorrect because chewing a buccal tablet is not the correct administration method.
3. During the initial morning assessment, a male client denies dysuria but reports that his urine appears dark amber. Which intervention should the LPN/LVN implement?
- A. Provide additional coffee on the client's breakfast tray.
- B. Exchange the client's grape juice for cranberry juice.
- C. Bring the client additional fruit at mid-morning.
- D. Encourage additional oral intake of juices and water.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Encouraging additional oral intake of juices and water is the appropriate intervention in this scenario. Dark amber urine can indicate concentrated urine due to dehydration or other factors. By encouraging more fluids, the LPN/LVN can help dilute the urine, reducing the concentration of pigments causing the dark color. Providing additional coffee (Choice A) would not necessarily increase hydration and could potentially have a diuretic effect. Exchanging grape juice for cranberry juice (Choice B) does not address the core issue of hydration. Bringing additional fruit (Choice C) may provide some fluid, but encouraging specific fluids like juices and water would be more effective in diluting the urine.
4. A client with a left leg cast is being taught how to use crutches. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
- A. When descending stairs, I will first shift my weight to my right (unaffected) leg.
- B. I will use crutches to support my weight on my left leg.
- C. When ascending stairs, I will lead with my left leg.
- D. I will keep my crutches under my arms for support.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Shifting weight to the unaffected leg when descending stairs is crucial for maintaining balance and safety. This technique helps prevent falls and distributes weight appropriately. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because using crutches to support the weight on the injured leg, leading with the injured leg when ascending stairs, and keeping crutches under the arms are all potentially unsafe practices that could lead to further injury or accidents.
5. The patient has been diagnosed with diabetes. When admitted, the patient is unkempt and is in need of a bath and foot care. When questioned about hygiene habits, the nurse learns the patient takes a bath once a week and a sponge bath every other day. To provide ultimate care for this patient, which principle should the nurse keep in mind?
- A. Patients who appear unkempt may require guidance on hygiene practices.
- B. Personal preferences can be influenced by health conditions.
- C. The patient's illness may require teaching of new hygiene practices.
- D. Cultural perspectives on cleanliness can vary based on health status.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the patient's diagnosis of diabetes may necessitate adjustments to their hygiene practices. The nurse should recognize that certain illnesses, like diabetes, can impact hygiene needs. Choice A is incorrect because appearing unkempt does not necessarily indicate a lack of importance on hygiene practices; it may be due to various factors. Choice B is incorrect as health conditions can influence personal preferences and habits. Choice D is incorrect as cultural views on cleanliness are not the primary focus when addressing hygiene practices related to a specific illness.
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