HESI LPN
HESI Fundamentals Exam Test Bank
1. When demonstrating an empathic presence to a client, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Use an open posture
- B. Write down what the client says for accurate documentation
- C. Establish and maintain eye contact
- D. Nod in agreement with the client throughout the conversation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Using an open posture is crucial when demonstrating empathy to a client. This body language conveys openness, understanding, and a willingness to listen, creating a safe space for the client to express themselves. Establishing and maintaining eye contact is also important as it fosters a sense of connection and validation for the client. Writing down what the client says is essential for accurate documentation and memory but does not directly contribute to demonstrating empathic presence. Nodding in agreement with the client throughout the conversation may show attentiveness, but it does not necessarily reflect empathy or active listening as it could be misinterpreted as simply agreeing with what is being said.
2. A healthcare professional is teaching about home safety with a client. Which of the following instructions should the healthcare professional include?
- A. Unplug electronics by holding the plug
- B. Use electrical tape to secure extension cords next to baseboards on the floor
- C. To use a fire extinguisher, aim at the base of the flames
- D. Install slip-resistant rugs on tile floors
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to use electrical tape to secure extension cords next to baseboards on the floor. This practice helps prevent tripping and electrical hazards by keeping cords out of the way. Option A is incorrect as unplugging electronics should be done by holding the plug, not the cord itself. Option C is incorrect because when using a fire extinguisher, it should be aimed at the base of the flames, not at the top. Option D is not directly related to home safety teaching and may not be necessary for all clients, as it suggests an unnecessary change that may not improve safety.
3. A patient's hygiene schedule of bathing and brushing teeth is largely influenced by family customs. For which age group is the nurse most likely providing care?
- A. Adolescent
- B. Preschooler
- C. Older adult
- D. Adult
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preschooler. Family customs have a significant impact on hygiene practices during childhood, especially in the early years. Preschoolers are at an age where they are learning and forming habits, and family customs play a crucial role in establishing routines such as bathing and brushing teeth. Adolescents, older adults, and adults are more likely to have established their own hygiene routines that may not be as heavily influenced by family customs as in early childhood. Therefore, the nurse is most likely providing care to a preschooler in this scenario.
4. A 3-year-old child diagnosed with celiac disease attends a daycare center. Which of the following would be an appropriate snack?
- A. Cheese crackers
- B. Peanut butter sandwich
- C. Potato chips
- D. Vanilla cookies
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is potato chips. As a child with celiac disease needs to avoid gluten, potato chips are a suitable snack choice as they are typically gluten-free. Cheese crackers (Choice A) and vanilla cookies (Choice D) contain gluten, which should be avoided by individuals with celiac disease. While peanut butter sandwiches (Choice B) could be gluten-free depending on the bread used, it is not the best choice as cross-contamination is a concern in shared environments like daycare centers.
5. During preoperative education, a nurse should assess a client's readiness to learn before a mastectomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is ready to learn?
- A. “I don’t want my spouse to see my incision.”
- B. “Will you give me pain medicine after the surgery?”
- C. “Can you tell me about how long the surgery will take?”
- D. “My roommate listens to everything I say.”
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Asking about the duration of the surgery indicates readiness to learn about the procedure. This question shows that the client is actively seeking information about the surgical process, demonstrating readiness to learn. Choices A, B, and D reflect concerns, specific requests, or statements unrelated to the learning process. They do not directly indicate readiness to absorb information about the upcoming mastectomy.
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