HESI LPN
Leadership and Management HESI Quizlet
1. A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who is unconscious following a motor-vehicle crash. The client requires immediate surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Transport the client to the operating room without verifying informed consent
- B. Ask the anesthesiologist to sign the consent
- C. Obtain telephone consent from the facility administrator before the surgery
- D. Delay the surgery until the nurse can obtain informed consent
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In emergency situations where a client is unconscious and requires immediate surgery, implied consent applies. Implied consent allows healthcare providers, including nurses, to proceed with necessary treatment or surgery without formally verifying informed consent. Choice A is correct because the priority in this scenario is to ensure the client receives timely medical intervention to address life-threatening conditions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because in emergencies, waiting to obtain formal consent can delay critical treatment, risking the client's health and well-being.
2. What are the six levels of consciousness from the most to the least responsive level of consciousness? Number all six using 1 as the most conscious and 6 as the least conscious.
- A. Obtunded, Confused, Lethargic, Comatose, Stuporous, Alert
- B. Confused, Lethargic, Obtunded, Stuporous, Comatose, Alert
- C. Lethargic, Obtunded, Confused, Stuporous, Comatose, Alert
- D. Alert, Confused, Lethargic, Obtunded, Stuporous, Comatose
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct order of the six levels of consciousness from most to least responsive is Alert, Confused, Lethargic, Obtunded, Stuporous, Comatose. Choice A is incorrect because it starts with Obtunded, which is less responsive than Alert. Choice B is incorrect as it doesn't follow the correct order. Choice C is incorrect as Lethargic is more responsive than Obtunded. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
3. What is the main objective of palliative care?
- A. To cure the disease
- B. To provide relief from symptoms and improve quality of life
- C. To extend hospital stays
- D. To focus solely on treatment
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The main objective of palliative care is to provide relief from symptoms and improve quality of life. Palliative care focuses on enhancing the quality of life for patients facing serious illnesses by providing relief from symptoms such as pain, stress, and other physical and emotional issues. Choice A is incorrect because palliative care does not aim to cure the disease but rather to manage symptoms. Choice C is incorrect as the goal of palliative care is not to extend hospital stays unnecessarily but to improve the patient's well-being. Choice D is incorrect as palliative care is not solely focused on treatment but takes a holistic approach to care that includes addressing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs.
4. A nurse working on a med-surg unit is managing the care of four clients. The nurse should schedule an interdisciplinary conference for which of the following clients?
- A. A client who is at risk for pressure ulcers and has an albumin level of 4.2 g/dL
- B. A client with type 1 DM who uses an insulin pump
- C. A client who is receiving heparin and has an aPTT of 34 seconds
- D. A client with orthostatic hypotension receiving IV fluids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should schedule an interdisciplinary conference for a client who is receiving heparin and has an aPTT of 34 seconds to ensure comprehensive care coordination. In this case, the need for a conference may be to discuss potential adjustments in heparin therapy, monitor for adverse effects, or ensure proper anticoagulation levels. Choices A, B, and D do not specifically indicate the need for interdisciplinary collaboration related to the client's condition or treatment. Therefore, they are not the priority for scheduling an interdisciplinary conference.
5. What is a major concern about the health-care system in the United States?
- A. Emphasis on disease prevention
- B. Quality of care
- C. Collaborative care
- D. Reduction in hospital-acquired drug-resistant infections
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The major concern about the health-care system in the United States is the quality of care provided. While disease prevention and collaborative care are important aspects, the primary focus of concern is ensuring that the care delivered meets high standards in terms of effectiveness, safety, and patient outcomes. Reduction in hospital-acquired drug-resistant infections, although relevant, is not the primary concern when evaluating the overall quality of healthcare services.
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