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Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet
1. Which medication is typically used for long-term control of asthma?
- A. Albuterol
- B. Theophylline
- C. Ipratropium
- D. Prednisone
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Theophylline. Theophylline is commonly used for long-term control of asthma by relaxing the muscles around the airways to keep them open, making breathing easier. Albuterol (choice A) is a short-acting bronchodilator for quick relief of asthma symptoms, not for long-term control. Ipratropium (choice C) is another short-acting bronchodilator that helps open the airways but is not typically used for long-term control. Prednisone (choice D) is a corticosteroid usually used for short periods to control asthma exacerbations or flare-ups, not as a long-term control medication.
2. What is an important aspect of care for a child with congenital heart disease?
- A. Restricting physical activity
- B. Increasing fluid intake
- C. Administering high doses of vitamins
- D. Monitoring growth and development
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring growth and development is crucial for children with congenital heart disease to ensure they are meeting developmental milestones and managing the disease effectively. This helps healthcare providers assess the child's overall health, detect any potential issues early, and adjust treatment plans accordingly. Restricting physical activity may not be necessary for all children with congenital heart disease and should be determined by their healthcare team based on individual needs. Increasing fluid intake and administering high doses of vitamins may not be directly related to managing congenital heart disease and should be guided by specific recommendations from healthcare providers.
3. What is a common complication of untreated asthma in children?
- A. Delayed puberty
- B. Growth retardation
- C. Chronic sinusitis
- D. Frequent headaches
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic sinusitis. Untreated asthma can lead to chronic sinusitis in children due to prolonged inflammation and infection of the respiratory tract. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Delayed puberty and growth retardation are not common complications of untreated asthma in children. Frequent headaches may be associated with asthma exacerbations but are not typical long-term complications.
4. What is one benefit of using controls in an experiment?
- A. The size of the groups does not matter.
- B. The subjects are unaware of the experiment's details.
- C. The subjects who are treated are balanced against the placebos.
- D. The subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Controls in an experiment ensure that the subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested. This allows for a fair comparison between the treatment group and the control group. Choice A is incorrect because the size of the groups is not the primary benefit of using controls. Choice B is incorrect as blinding, not controls, refers to subjects not knowing about the experiment. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains more to randomization than the use of controls.
5. Which of the following is a common complication of an untreated inguinal hernia in children?
- A. Gastroenteritis
- B. Strangulation of the hernia
- C. Chronic cough
- D. Epistaxis
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Strangulation of the hernia. Untreated inguinal hernias in children can lead to strangulation, which can result in bowel obstruction and ischemia. This is a serious complication that requires prompt medical attention. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Gastroenteritis is a gastrointestinal infection that is not directly related to untreated inguinal hernias. Chronic cough is not typically associated with this condition. Epistaxis refers to nosebleeds, which are not a common complication of untreated inguinal hernias in children.
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