HESI LPN
Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet
1. What is a common symptom of Kawasaki disease?
- A. Persistent fever for more than 5 days
- B. Excessive vomiting
- C. Sudden weight gain
- D. Decreased appetite
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Persistent fever lasting more than 5 days is a hallmark symptom of Kawasaki disease, often accompanied by rash and conjunctivitis. Excessive vomiting (choice B), sudden weight gain (choice C), and decreased appetite (choice D) are not typically associated with Kawasaki disease. Therefore, choices B, C, and D can be eliminated as they do not align with the common symptoms of Kawasaki disease.
2. What is a primary concern for a child with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?
- A. Increased growth rate
- B. Risk of hyperglycemia
- C. Risk of dehydration
- D. Improved appetite
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Risk of hyperglycemia. When a child is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, one of the primary concerns is the risk of hyperglycemia, which refers to high blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia can lead to various complications if not managed properly, making it crucial to stabilize blood glucose levels. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increased growth rate, risk of dehydration, and improved appetite are not primary concerns specifically associated with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
3. How many vitamins are known to be required in the diet of human beings?
- A. 5
- B. 8
- C. 10
- D. 13
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 13. There are 13 essential vitamins required in the diet of human beings, including vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins. Choice A (5), Choice B (8), and Choice C (10) are incorrect because they do not represent the total number of essential vitamins needed by human beings.
4. Which of the following best describes the purpose of dietary guidelines?
- A. To ensure food safety and sanitation.
- B. To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
- C. To prevent foodborne illnesses.
- D. To provide recommendations for physical activity.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.' Dietary guidelines aim to improve public health by providing recommendations on dietary patterns and nutrient intake. While ensuring food safety and sanitation (choice A) is important, it is not the primary purpose of dietary guidelines. Preventing foodborne illnesses (choice C) is more related to food safety practices rather than dietary guidelines. Recommendations for physical activity (choice D) are important for overall health but are separate from dietary guidelines, which primarily focus on nutrition.
5. How should the healthcare provider respond to a parent concerned about a child's short stature?
- A. Suggest the parent consult a nutritionist
- B. Recommend frequent growth hormone injections
- C. Advise monitoring for a few years before intervention
- D. Refer for a genetic evaluation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a parent expresses concern about a child's short stature, the initial approach should involve advising monitoring for a few years before considering any interventions. This allows for observation of the child's growth pattern and any potential underlying issues. Suggesting a nutritionist (Choice A) may not be necessary if there are no signs of nutritional deficiencies. Recommending growth hormone injections (Choice B) is premature without proper evaluation and diagnosis. Referring for a genetic evaluation (Choice D) can be considered later if monitoring shows atypical growth patterns or other concerning factors.
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