HESI LPN
Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet
1. What is a common symptom of Kawasaki disease?
- A. Persistent fever for more than 5 days
- B. Excessive vomiting
- C. Sudden weight gain
- D. Decreased appetite
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Persistent fever lasting more than 5 days is a hallmark symptom of Kawasaki disease, often accompanied by rash and conjunctivitis. Excessive vomiting (choice B), sudden weight gain (choice C), and decreased appetite (choice D) are not typically associated with Kawasaki disease. Therefore, choices B, C, and D can be eliminated as they do not align with the common symptoms of Kawasaki disease.
2. Which nutrient is an example of a macronutrient?
- A. proteins
- B. minerals
- C. water-soluble vitamins
- D. fat-soluble vitamins
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Proteins are indeed macronutrients as they are required by the body in larger quantities for various functions such as growth, repair, and energy production. Choice B, minerals, are micronutrients needed in smaller amounts for various physiological processes. Choices C and D, water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins, respectively, are also micronutrients that play essential roles in the body but are not classified as macronutrients.
3. What term describes foods that contain non-nutrient substances whose known action in the body is to promote well-being to a greater extent than that contributed by the food's nutrients?
- A. fortified foods
- B. enriched foods
- C. functional foods
- D. health-enhancing foods
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Functional foods are specifically designed to promote health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Fortified foods (choice A) are those with added nutrients that are not originally present, enriched foods (choice B) have nutrients added back that were lost during processing, and health-enhancing foods (choice D) is a vague and less specific term compared to functional foods.
4. How should a healthcare provider handle a child with a suspected head injury who is showing signs of drowsiness?
- A. Administer pain medication
- B. Perform a full neurological assessment
- C. Allow the child to sleep
- D. Contact a specialist immediately
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a child with a suspected head injury is showing signs of drowsiness, administering pain medication should not be the first course of action as it may mask important symptoms. Allowing the child to sleep is not recommended as they need to be monitored. Contacting a specialist immediately may delay necessary assessments. Performing a full neurological assessment is the most appropriate action because it helps evaluate the head injury's extent, identify neurological deficits, and guide further intervention or treatment.
5. What is a common complication of untreated asthma in children?
- A. Delayed puberty
- B. Growth retardation
- C. Chronic sinusitis
- D. Frequent headaches
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic sinusitis. Untreated asthma can lead to chronic sinusitis in children due to prolonged inflammation and infection of the respiratory tract. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Delayed puberty and growth retardation are not common complications of untreated asthma in children. Frequent headaches may be associated with asthma exacerbations but are not typical long-term complications.
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