HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Study Guide
1. A public health nurse is working with a community to develop a disaster response plan. Which of the following is the priority action?
- A. Identifying available resources and services
- B. Conducting disaster drills
- C. Educating the community about disaster preparedness
- D. Developing a communication plan
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Identifying available resources and services is the priority action when developing a disaster response plan. This step is crucial as it helps the community understand what resources and services are already in place and what additional support may be needed during a disaster. Conducting disaster drills, educating the community about disaster preparedness, and developing a communication plan are important steps in disaster preparedness but come after identifying available resources and services. Without knowing the available resources, it would be challenging to effectively plan and respond to a disaster.
2. A young child is admitted for treatment of lead poisoning. The nurse recognizes that the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning is
- A. Central nervous system damage
- B. Moderate anemia
- C. Renal tubule damage
- D. Growth impairment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Chronic lead poisoning can lead to severe and irreversible damage to the central nervous system, including cognitive and developmental delays. Central nervous system damage is the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning because it can have long-lasting consequences on a child's cognitive function and overall development. Moderate anemia (Choice B), renal tubule damage (Choice C), and growth impairment (Choice D) can also occur due to lead poisoning, but they are not as severe or potentially irreversible as the damage to the central nervous system.
3. A client with chronic renal failure is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following complications?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperglycemia. In peritoneal dialysis, hyperglycemia can occur due to the glucose content of the dialysate solution. This high glucose concentration can lead to increased blood sugar levels in the client. Option A, Hypertension, is a common complication in chronic renal failure but is not directly related to peritoneal dialysis. Option C, Hypokalemia, is more commonly associated with loop diuretics or inadequate potassium intake. Option D, Hypernatremia, is more often seen in conditions of excessive sodium intake or water loss, rather than in peritoneal dialysis.
4. Which organization is primarily responsible for global public health?
- A. World Health Organization (WHO)
- B. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- C. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- D. United Nations (UN)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO is the primary organization responsible for global public health initiatives, coordinating international health efforts, setting norms and standards, providing technical support, and monitoring health trends. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they play significant roles in health and global affairs, they do not have the primary responsibility for global public health like the WHO does.
5. True or False: Vertical transmission is the disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Vertical transmission is the transfer of a disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth. This process can lead to the baby acquiring infections or diseases from the mother. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes vertical transmission. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the definition of vertical transmission.
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