Nursing Elites

1. What is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children?

• A. Frequent urination
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Elevated blood pressure
• D. Decreased energy levels

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Frequent urination is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children. It is often accompanied by other symptoms such as pain or discomfort. Increased appetite (Choice B) is not typically associated with urinary tract infections. Elevated blood pressure (Choice C) is more commonly linked to conditions like hypertension, not urinary tract infections. Decreased energy levels (Choice D) can be a sign of various health issues but are not a typical symptom of a urinary tract infection.

2. What is a common symptom of Kawasaki disease?

• A. Persistent fever for more than 5 days
• B. Excessive vomiting
• C. Sudden weight gain
• D. Decreased appetite

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Persistent fever lasting more than 5 days is a hallmark symptom of Kawasaki disease, often accompanied by rash and conjunctivitis. Excessive vomiting (choice B), sudden weight gain (choice C), and decreased appetite (choice D) are not typically associated with Kawasaki disease. Therefore, choices B, C, and D can be eliminated as they do not align with the common symptoms of Kawasaki disease.

3. By chemical analysis, what nutrient is present in the highest amounts in most foods?

• A. fats
• B. water
• C. proteins
• D. carbohydrates

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Water is the most abundant nutrient in many foods. Water content varies across different foods, but in general, it is present in the highest amounts. Fats (Choice A) are essential but are not found in higher amounts compared to water. Proteins (Choice C) and carbohydrates (Choice D) are also important nutrients, but they are typically found in lower quantities in most foods compared to water.

4. What should be included in the medical management of a sickle cell crisis?

• A. Information for parents on home care
• B. Adequate hydration and pain management
• C. Pain management and iron supplements
• D. Adequate oxygenation and factor VIII

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Adequate hydration and pain management. During a sickle cell crisis, it is essential to provide hydration to prevent vaso-occlusive events and manage pain effectively with analgesics. Adequate hydration helps maintain blood flow and prevent further sickling of red blood cells. Pain management is crucial to alleviate the severe pain associated with sickle cell crises. Options A, C, and D are incorrect. Providing information for parents on home care (Option A) may be important for ongoing management but is not specific to an acute crisis. Iron supplements (Option C) are not typically indicated during a sickle cell crisis. Adequate oxygenation and factor VIII (Option D) are not primary interventions for managing a sickle cell crisis; instead, oxygen therapy may be considered in severe cases, and factor VIII is not a standard treatment for sickle cell disease.

5. What is one benefit of using controls in an experiment?

• A. The size of the groups does not matter.
• B. The subjects are unaware of the experiment's details.
• C. The subjects who are treated are balanced against the placebos.
• D. The subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Controls in an experiment ensure that the subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested. This allows for a fair comparison between the treatment group and the control group. Choice A is incorrect because the size of the groups is not the primary benefit of using controls. Choice B is incorrect as blinding, not controls, refers to subjects not knowing about the experiment. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains more to randomization than the use of controls.

Similar Questions