what action should the nurse take for a 2 year old with laryngotracheobronchitis in an oxygen tent

HESI LPN

LPN Nutrition Practice Test

1. What action should be taken for a 2-year-old with laryngotracheobronchitis in an oxygen tent?

A. Restrain the child and notify the healthcare provider
B. Increase the oxygen concentration
C. Take the child to the playroom
D. Ask the mother to help in comforting the child

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), a child may become restless due to poor oxygenation. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the oxygen tent is crucial to improve oxygenation levels and manage symptoms effectively. Restraint is not appropriate in this situation, as it may cause distress and worsen the child's condition. Taking the child to the playroom is not indicated when the child requires oxygen therapy. While comforting the child is important, the priority in this scenario is to optimize oxygen delivery to improve respiratory distress.

2. Why must a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis be kept NPO?

A. The epinephrine administration may cause nausea and vomiting
B. The child is being hydrated with IV fluids
C. The child may not feel hungry
D. Rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In acute laryngotracheobronchitis, rapid respirations increase the risk of aspiration due to compromised airway protection and potential for secretions to enter the lungs. Keeping the child NPO helps prevent the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Choice A is incorrect because epinephrine is not typically used for laryngotracheobronchitis. Choice B is incorrect as hydration with IV fluids does not eliminate the risk of aspiration. Choice C is also incorrect because the child being hungry is not the primary reason for keeping them NPO in this condition.

3. What is a causative factor of Hirschsprung disease?

A. Frequent evacuation of solids, liquids, and gases
B. Excessive peristaltic movement
C. Absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in a portion of the colon
D. One portion of the bowel telescoping into another

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in a portion of the colon. Hirschsprung disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of nerve cells (ganglia) in parts of the colon. This absence leads to a lack of peristalsis in the affected segment, resulting in severe constipation and bowel obstruction. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A describes symptoms of diarrhea rather than a causative factor of Hirschsprung disease. Excessive peristaltic movement (choice B) is not a causative factor but rather the opposite, as Hirschsprung disease is associated with reduced peristalsis. Choice D, which refers to intussusception, is a different condition unrelated to Hirschsprung disease.

4. What role do fats play in the human body?

A. They provide a concentrated source of energy.
B. They are the building blocks of enzymes and hormones.
C. They are essential for brain function and development.
D. They aid in the digestion of food.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fats play various essential roles in the human body, one of which is aiding in the digestion of food. While fats do provide a concentrated source of energy, the primary source is carbohydrates. Proteins are the building blocks of enzymes and hormones, not fats. Essential fatty acids found in fats are vital for brain function and development, but this is not the primary role of fats in the body.

5. What is a common early sign of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in infants?

A. High fever
B. Nasal congestion
C. Rash
D. Jaundice

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nasal congestion is a common early sign of RSV in infants, often accompanied by cough and wheezing. High fever, rash, and jaundice are not typically associated with RSV. While RSV can lead to fever, it is usually not one of the earliest signs. Rash and jaundice are unrelated to RSV symptoms.