Nursing Elites

1. How should a caregiver manage a child with a known allergy to peanuts?

• A. Avoid all peanut-containing products
• B. Encourage regular exposure to peanuts
• C. Administer antihistamines daily
• D. Recommend peanut-containing supplements

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Avoiding peanut-containing products is crucial for managing a peanut allergy and preventing allergic reactions. Choice B suggesting regular exposure to peanuts can be harmful and trigger severe allergic reactions in a child with a peanut allergy. Regular exposure can increase the risk of anaphylaxis. Choice C of administering antihistamines daily is not a primary prevention strategy and should not be the first-line approach for managing a peanut allergy. Antihistamines only treat symptoms and do not prevent the allergic reaction. Choice D of recommending peanut-containing supplements can also lead to severe allergic reactions and is not recommended for a child with a known peanut allergy. It is essential to eliminate all sources of peanuts to prevent accidental exposure and potential life-threatening reactions.

2. What is a common symptom of congenital heart disease in infants?

• A. Excessive weight gain
• B. Difficulty breathing
• C. High blood pressure
• D. Increased appetite

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Difficulty breathing is a common symptom of congenital heart disease in infants. Infants with congenital heart disease may experience difficulty breathing due to impaired cardiac function, which affects the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. This symptom is often due to issues like heart failure or fluid accumulation in the lungs. Excessive weight gain (Choice A) is not typically associated with congenital heart disease in infants. High blood pressure (Choice C) is less common in infants with congenital heart disease compared to adults. Increased appetite (Choice D) is not a typical symptom of congenital heart disease in infants.

3. How should a child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder be managed?

• A. Avoid all physical activity
• B. Monitor for triggers and ensure safety
• C. Increase dietary sodium intake
• D. Restrict all forms of social interaction

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When managing a child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder, it is essential to monitor for triggers and ensure safety. By identifying triggers such as lack of sleep, stress, or specific foods, healthcare professionals can help prevent seizures. Ensuring safety involves creating a safe environment to prevent injuries during a seizure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding all physical activity can be detrimental as appropriate exercise is essential for overall health. Increasing dietary sodium intake is not a standard recommendation for managing seizures. Restricting all forms of social interaction is unnecessary and can have negative effects on the child's emotional well-being.

4. What is one characteristic that differentiates vitamins from minerals?

• A. Vitamins are organic compounds.
• B. Vitamins provide energy.
• C. Vitamins are considered micronutrients.
• D. Vitamins are essential in small amounts.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Vitamins are organic compounds, containing carbon, which is a key characteristic that differentiates them from minerals. Choice B is incorrect because vitamins do not provide energy; they are not a source of calories. Choice C is incorrect as both vitamins and minerals are considered micronutrients due to being essential in small amounts. Choice D is incorrect because while it is true that vitamins are needed in small amounts, this is not the characteristic that sets them apart from minerals.

5. What action should be taken for a 2-year-old with laryngotracheobronchitis in an oxygen tent?

• A. Restrain the child and notify the healthcare provider
• B. Increase the oxygen concentration
• C. Take the child to the playroom
• D. Ask the mother to help in comforting the child

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), a child may become restless due to poor oxygenation. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the oxygen tent is crucial to improve oxygenation levels and manage symptoms effectively. Restraint is not appropriate in this situation, as it may cause distress and worsen the child's condition. Taking the child to the playroom is not indicated when the child requires oxygen therapy. While comforting the child is important, the priority in this scenario is to optimize oxygen delivery to improve respiratory distress.

Similar Questions