the nurse is assessing the resilience of a 16 year old boy which exemplifies an external protective factor that may help to promote resiliency in this
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HESI LPN

Pediatric Practice Exam HESI

1. The healthcare provider is assessing the 'resilience' of a 16-year-old boy. Which exemplifies an external protective factor that may help promote resilience in this child?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A caring relationship with family members is an external protective factor that promotes resilience in individuals, especially in adolescents. This support system provides a sense of security, stability, and emotional connection, which can help the teenager navigate challenges and setbacks. Choices A, B, and D allude to internal factors related to personal decision-making, self-awareness, and goal management, which are important but do not directly represent external protective factors involving external relationships or resources.

2. Which is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for the child with acute glomerulonephritis?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with acute glomerulonephritis is fluid volume excess related to decreased plasma filtration. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, leading to decreased plasma filtration and retention of fluid. This results in fluid volume excess rather than fluid deficit (choice B) or fluid accumulation in tissues and third spaces (choice D). The diagnosis of 'risk for injury related to malignant process and treatment' (choice A) is not directly related to the pathophysiology of acute glomerulonephritis.

3. A child with a diagnosis of appendicitis is scheduled for surgery. What preoperative intervention is important for the nurse to perform?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct preoperative intervention for a child with appendicitis scheduled for surgery is maintaining strict NPO (nothing by mouth) status. This is crucial to reduce the risk of aspiration during anesthesia induction and prevent potential complications during surgery. Administering antibiotics may be a part of the treatment plan but is not a preoperative intervention. Encouraging fluid intake is contraindicated preoperatively to avoid delays in surgery and complications related to anesthesia. Monitoring for signs of infection is important postoperatively to assess for any complications that may arise due to the surgical procedure.

4. When preparing a 2-year-old child for surgery, what preoperative teaching should be provided to help them understand the procedure?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct preoperative teaching for a 2-year-old child undergoing surgery involves using a doll to demonstrate the procedure. This method helps the child understand what to expect in a non-threatening and visual way, making the experience less intimidating. Explaining the procedure in simple terms (Choice A) may not effectively convey the details to a young child. Showing pictures of the hospital environment (Choice C) may not directly address the surgical procedure itself. Allowing the child to play with medical equipment (Choice D) can be unsafe and may not effectively prepare the child for the surgery.

5. When explaining a viral disease that begins with malaise and a highly pruritic rash starting on the abdomen, spreading to the face and proximal extremities, and potentially leading to severe complications, which childhood disease is a nurse discussing with members of a grammar school’s Parent-Teachers Association?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Chickenpox (varicella). This viral disease typically starts with malaise and a highly pruritic rash that begins on the abdomen and then spreads to the face and proximal extremities. Chickenpox can result in serious complications such as pneumonia and encephalitis. Rubella (German measles) presents with a milder rash and is less pruritic than chickenpox. Rubeola (measles) is characterized by a rash that spreads from the head to the trunk. Scarlet fever is caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria and is not a viral illness.

Similar Questions

The mother of a 5-year-old boy with a myelomeningocele, who has developed a sensitivity to latex, is being taught by the nurse. Which response from his mother indicates a need for further teaching?
A parent asks the nurse what they can do to help their child who is experiencing night terrors. What should the nurse suggest?
A 5-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A child with a fever is prescribed acetaminophen. What should the caregiver teach the parents about administering this medication?
A child with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is being discharged from the hospital. What is important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching?

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